The Fractional Distillation of Crude Oil

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  • The Fractional Distillation of Crude Oil
    • Crude Oil
      • Is a mixture of hydrocarbons which contain Hydrogen and Carbon ONLY
      • Unbranched Alkanes make up the majority of crude oil
      • Has multiple functions when separated into fractions
    • Fractional Distillation
      • Separation by boiling points
      • Short-chained hydrocarbons = lower boiling points = condense at top of coumn
      • Long-chained hydrocarbons = higher boiling points = condense near the bottom.
    • Effect of Chain Length
      • Long Chains = More points of contact for Van der Waals' forces = Higher boiling point
      • Short Chains = Less points of contact for Van der Waals' forces = Lower boiling point
    • Effect of Branching
      • More branches = fewer points of contact, and further away for Van der Waals' forces = Lower boiling point
      • Less branches = more points of contact and closer together for Van der Waals' forces = Higher boiling point

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