Urbanisation Part 1

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  • Created by: Lil_p123
  • Created on: 27-04-15 16:14
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  • Urbanisation
    • Geographic Properties
      • Rural
        • Sparsely populated
        • Open Space
        • Minimal Infrastructure
        • Mainly agricultural employment, (primary sector)
      • Urban
        • Densely populated
        • Waste managemen
        • Varied employment (tertiary sector)
        • Infrastructure (buildings, roads, transport)
    • Rural to Urban Migration, push/pull factors
      • Family and friends
      • Job oportunities
      • Living Standards
      • Services; healthcare, schools, financial
      • War or Conflict
      • media influence
    • Effects of urbanisation on rural/urban areas
      • Rising costs to cover the people that are leaving
      • Stress on local services
      • Ageing population  as there are fewer young people
      • Crime rates increase
      • Unemployment as there are fewer people fighting for jobs
      • Natural areas destroyed for buildings to develop infrastructure
      • Untitled
    • Ways to reduce problems
      • Air Pollution
        • Responsibility, government to put in rules and regulations
        • Using cleaner fuels that are renewable to reduce emissions
      • Water Pollution
        • Water treatment systems in place
        • Clear sewerage system so that clean and dirty water do not mix
      • Waste Disposal
        • Recycling as much waste as possible. Especially e-waste
        • Food waste - composting, biogas and fertilizing
    • How to improve squatter Settlements
      • Local Autority Schemes
        • Dharavi, India
        • Large scale improvement. New towns or developed areas where squatters can live
        • Improves living standards, planned area
        • Many people may be displaced. Loss of community
      • Site and Service Schemes
        • Land is divided into individual plots. Electricity, water and sanitation are provided before residents are allowed to build on them
        • Planned area providing water, sewerage and electricity.
        • Improved standards of living, community is maintained
        • Expensive, people are displaced. Project may not be completed.
        • Kibera, Nairobi, Kenya
      • Self-help Schemes
        • Improve living standards, may get new skills. Encourages community whilst increasing sanitation
        • Small scale redevelopment, projects are often unfinished. Loan may not be paid back. Not planned infrastructure. Not necessarily cost effective
        • Local authorities provide support to thee residents of slums by giving them access to good materials, loans or grants to improve housing.
        • Rocinha, Rio de Janeiro

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