Stages of The Demographic Transition Model

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  • The Demographic Transition Model
    • Stage 1 - High Fluctuating - high birth rate and high death rate
      • Birth rate is high because theres no birth control/family planning and education is poor
        • Its also high because there high infant mortality so people have more children to replace ones whove died
      • Death rate is high and life expectancy is low because there is poor health care, sanitation and diet
    • Stage 2 - Early expanding - high birth rate and death rate falls
      • Birth rate is high as little birth control/family planning /education is poor
        • birth rate stays high for labour reasons family member all have to work larger family = more food and money
      • death rate falls and life expectancy increases due to improved health care, sanitation and diet
    • Stage 3 - Late expanding - birth rate falls a lot and death rate falls slightly
      • birth rate decreases due to use of birth control/family planning/improved education
        • birth rate drops economy moves toward manufacturing children not needed to work
        • more women work rather than stay at home to have children
        • some countries introduce fovernment population policies to try to reduce birth rate
    • Stage 4 - Low Fluctuating - low birth rate and low death rate
      • birth rate stays low because increased access and demand for luxuries like holidays and material possessions means theres less money available for having children
      • birth rate low - theres fewer advantages for having children e.g. they are not needed to work
    • Stage 5 - Decling - birth rate drops below death rate
      • birth rate decreases because children are expensive to raise and many people have dependent elderly relatives
      • death rate remains steady as there are more elderly people so more people die despite advances in health car

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