B3 - E
- Created by: zoolouise
- Created on: 02-06-15 19:51
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- The circulatory system
- Blood
- The liquid part of the blood called plasma carries a number of important substances around the body.
- dissolved food substances such as glucose
- carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs
- hormones from the glands where they're made to their target cells
- plasma proteins sch as antibodies
- waste substances such as urea
- Red blood cells are adapted to their function of carrying oxygen in a number of ways
- they're very small so they can pass through smallest blood vessels
- they're shaped like binconcave discs so they have a large surface area to exchange oxygen quicker
- they contain hemoglobin o combine with oxygen, haemoglobin makes them red.
- they don't have a nucleus so more haemoglobin can fit in
- Haemoglobin in red blood cells reacts with oxygen in the lungs, forming oxyhaemoglobin. The reaction is reversible when the oxyhaemoglobin reaches the tissues, the oxygen is released.
- The liquid part of the blood called plasma carries a number of important substances around the body.
- Blood vessels
- The different types of blood vessels have different jobs.
- Arteries transport blood away from the heart to the tissues
- Veins transport the blood back to the heart from the tissues
- Capillaries link arteries to veins and allow materials to pass between the blood and the tissues.
- The structures of arteries, veins and capillaries are adapted to carry out specific functions
- Arteries have a thick muscular and elastic wall to resist the high pressure
- Veins have large lumen and valves to try and keep the blood moving back to the heart because the pressure is low
- Capillaries have permeable walls so substances can be transferred between the blood and the tissues
- The different types of blood vessels have different jobs.
- The heart
- Different parts of the heart work together to circulate the blood
- Left and right atria receive blood from veins
- The left and right ventricles pump blood out into arteries.
- The semilunar, tricuspid and bicuspid valves prevent any backflow of blood.
- The pumonary veins and the vena cava re the main veins carrying the blood back to the heart. The aorta and pulmonary arteries carry blood away fromt he heart.
- The left ventricle has a thicker muscle wall than right ventricle as it has to pump blood all around the body, not just to the lungs.
- The blood's pumped to the lungs and return to the heart to be pumped to the body. This is called a double circulatory system. This means that blood is at higher pressure and flows to the tissues at a faster rate.
- Different parts of the heart work together to circulate the blood
- Blood
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