The Breathing System

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  • Created by: Jo Wells
  • Created on: 07-04-13 17:19
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  • The Breathing System
    • lungs are in the thorax (top part of body)
      • is separated from lower part of body (abdomen) by the diaphragm
      • air we breathe goes through the trachea
        • this splits into 2 tubes called bronchi, with 1 going to each lung
          • they then split into progressively smaller tubes called bronchioles
            • these finally end with alveoli, where gas exchange takes place
    • ventilation - breathing in and out
      • breathing out
        • intercostal muscles relax
        • diaphragm relaxes
          • moves up
        • thorax volume decreases
        • increases press, forcing air out
          • thorax volume decreases
        • ribcage and sternum drop in and down
      • breathing in
        • intercostal muscles contract
        • diaphragm contracts
          • flattens out
        • thorax volume increases
          • decreases pressure, drawing air in
        • decreases pressure, drawing air in
        • ribcage and sternum goes up and out
    • artificial ventilators help people to breathe
      • ventilators are machines that move air into or out of the lungs
        • most work now by pumping air into the lungs, expanding the ribcage
          • when they stop pumping, the ribcage relaxes and pushes air out of the lungs
      • this doesn't interfere with blood flow unlike some more old fashioned machines
        • most work now by pumping air into the lungs, expanding the ribcage
          • when they stop pumping, the ribcage relaxes and pushes air out of the lungs
        • could cause damage in the lungs if they can't cope with the artificial air flow

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