The Breakdown of Parliamentary Government
- Created by: AllyBlake
- Created on: 02-12-13 09:32
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- The Breakdown of Parliamentary Government
- The Young Plan
- Germany should pay reparations until 1988 but only £1850 million (one quarter of the figure in 1921)
- In Right-wing circles this was seen as another stab in the back
- DNVP leader, Hugenburg formed a national committee to oppose the plan
- National Opposition drafted a Law against the Enslavement of the German People- denounced reparations and any minister who supported it
- Gained enough support to invoke a national referendum in December 1929
- For Hitler he gained power and support, membership was 130,000 by end of 1929 and the opportunity to use Hugenberg's media empire etc.
- Gained enough support to invoke a national referendum in December 1929
- National Opposition drafted a Law against the Enslavement of the German People- denounced reparations and any minister who supported it
- The collapse of Müller's Government
- Successfully withstood the attack from the "National Opposition"
- Internal divisions
- Müller was a Social Democrat struggled to hold the coalition together but it was an economic issue that brought down the government in 1930.
- Sharp increase in unemployment- created a large deficit in the new national insurance scheme- the four major parties could not decide on how to solve this issue
- SPD wanted to increase the contributions and maintain the levels of the welfare (they were trade union supporters)
- Müller could no longer maintain a majority and had no option but to tender the resignation of his government
- DVP had strong ties with big business and insisted on reducing benefits
- Müller could no longer maintain a majority and had no option but to tender the resignation of his government
- DVP had strong ties with big business and insisted on reducing benefits
- SPD wanted to increase the contributions and maintain the levels of the welfare (they were trade union supporters)
- Sharp increase in unemployment- created a large deficit in the new national insurance scheme- the four major parties could not decide on how to solve this issue
- Müller was a Social Democrat struggled to hold the coalition together but it was an economic issue that brought down the government in 1930.
- Nazi Breakthrough
- Protest Votes against Bruning's government
- Nearly half of the Nazi seats were won by "new" voters- the electorate had grown by 1.8 million and the turn-out had increased from 75.6% to 82%
- Young first-time voters and many previously non-voters had voted for them
- The Appointment of Heinrich Bruning as Chancellor
- Leader of ZP (the 2nd largest Party)
- Marked the end of true parliamentary government
- Put into power by political intriguers who surrounded Hindenburg all of whom were Conservative Nationalists
- Otto Meissner- Hindenburg's State Secretary, Oskar von Hindenburg- the President's son and Major General Kurt von Schleicher- a leading general
- Bruning's response to the growing economic crisis lead to a political constitutional crisis
- Proposed cuts in government expenditure and avoided reviving inflation- this was rejected by the Reichstag
- Bruning pushed it through with Hindenburg's support via Article 48- when this was challenged by the Reichstag
- Deadlock had been reached, so Bruning asked Hindenburg to dissolve the Reichstag and call for an election in September 1930
- Bruning pushed it through with Hindenburg's support via Article 48- when this was challenged by the Reichstag
- Proposed cuts in government expenditure and avoided reviving inflation- this was rejected by the Reichstag
- Put into power by political intriguers who surrounded Hindenburg all of whom were Conservative Nationalists
- Marked the end of true parliamentary government
- Leader of ZP (the 2nd largest Party)
- Reichstag Election September 1930
- Nazi's benefitted- increased its voted from 810,000 to over 6 million
- Nazi Breakthrough
- Protest Votes against Bruning's government
- Nearly half of the Nazi seats were won by "new" voters- the electorate had grown by 1.8 million and the turn-out had increased from 75.6% to 82%
- Young first-time voters and many previously non-voters had voted for them
- Nazi Breakthrough
- Nazis-107 seats, 18.3% and 2nd largest party
- Nationalists- DNVP support halved and Nazis gained much of this vote
- Middle class democratic Parties- DDP and DVP lost 20 seats between them
- Left-wing Parties- SPD declined from 29.8% to 24.5% but still largest party but KPD increased from 10.8% to 13.1%
- Left and Right extremists had made extensive gains against the pro-democratic parties, making it very difficult for proper democratic parliamentary government to function
- Nazi's benefitted- increased its voted from 810,000 to over 6 million
- The Young Plan
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