The Berlin Wall Synchronic Events

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  • The Berlin Wall
    • Synchronic
      • At Time
        • Political
          • December 1972  The 'Basic Treaty' is signed between East and West Berlin meaning they will develop relations
          • May 1973 East and West Berlin establish formal diplomatic ties
      • Construction of the wall begins on August 13th 1961
        • It starts off with barbed wire and basic fences and walls patrolled by border guards.
          • August 16th: The barbed wire is replaced with a brick wall and it was around 2 metres tall
            • As people continue to escape the wall is upgraded and a second wall was built in June 1962
              • By 1965 a third wall replaces the old construction. It was made of concrete section with a round tube on the top making it difficult to climb over.
                • In 1975 the construction of the Border Wall '75 begins. It had touch sensitive self firing devices and the wal was 3.60 metres high and topped with a concrete pipe.
                  • Escapes still continued through the border and more guards now patrolled it.
                  • Chris Gueffroy was the last person to be killed crossing the wall on Feb 6th 1989
        • The purpose of the wall was to prevent people from the GDR leaving the country
          • In July 415 residents of East Berlin fled the country.
        • The start of the Berlin wall was completed in just 24 Hours
        • August 14th 1961 Brandenburg Gate is closed as a crossing point.
      • 133 people were confirmed killed trying to cross the border
      • President JFK had visited Berlin on the 26th June 2012 showing support for West Berlin
        • His famous speech 'Ich Bin Ein Berliner' shows support.
      • Entry Permits
        • On Dec 17th 1963 an entry agreement into East Berlin was signed.
          • West Berliners could visit relatives in East Berlin between 19th Dec to 5th Jan.
            • 1.2 Million West Berliners took advantage.
          • Took 7 rounds of negotiations and it is limited
        • Entry into East Berlin was stopped on Aug 26th 1961
        • May 1972, The Transit Agreement is reached which meant citizens could travel from East Berlin into West Berlin in cases of familiy emergency.
      • In February 1969 U.S President Richard Nixon visits West Berlin
        • U.S Presidents
          • President JFK had visited Berlin on the 26th June 2012 showing support for West Berlin
            • His famous speech 'Ich Bin Ein Berliner' shows support.
          • June12th 1987 President Ronald Regan visits Berlin and demands Mikhail Gorbachev, the soviet leader, to tear down the wall.
      • 1970 Negotiations between four former allies begins over Berlin
        • 10 Direct telephone lines are reconnected between East and West Berlin
        • 1971: Further negotiations of 'interests to both sides' begins on June 3rd Between the Berlin Senate and the GDR Government
      • Communist Hungary removes its border with Austria
        • September the 10th 1989, Hungary opens borders with Gemany and 13,000 flee from east Berlin to Austria
          • The Fall of the Wall
            • Nov 4th 1989 1 million people attend a pro democracy demonstation in East Berlins main square and within days the government resigns.
            • November 9th 1989, East Berlin Government states that East Berlin citizens can move freely into West Germany and West Berlin
              • People bein tearing down the wall in celebration
              • The Brandenburg Gate is opened on December 22nd 1989
              • Germany is formally reunited on October 3rd 1990.
      • The Fall of the Wall
        • Nov 4th 1989 1 million people attend a pro democracy demonstation in East Berlins main square and within days the government resigns.
        • November 9th 1989, East Berlin Government states that East Berlin citizens can move freely into West Germany and West Berlin
          • People bein tearing down the wall in celebration
          • The Brandenburg Gate is opened on December 22nd 1989
          • Germany is formally reunited on October 3rd 1990.

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