The War Ends

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  • Origins of the republic 1918-1919
    • Uprisings
      • Kiel Mutiny
        • 3 Nov
        • German sailors rebbeled and refused to board ships
        • sparked rebellions over Germany
      • Hanover
        • german troops refused to control rioters
      • Kurt Eisner
        • encouraged general uprisings
          • sparked mass strikes in Munich
      • civil war
        • public protest in Berlin
          • memebers of SPD called for Kaiser's resignation
            • Kaiser Wilhem II abidicated on 9th nov 1918
              • SPD and USPD declared a republic
    • Germany surrenders
      • armistice signed by Germany on 11 nov 1918
        • new republic was under pressure to sign
          • November Criminals
          • Dolchstoßlegende – the ‘stab-in-the–back’ theory
        • wasnt supported by some Germans
    • Temporary Government
      • Germany was disorganised after abdication of Kaiser
      • established consisting of SPD and USPD
        • Council of People's Representatives
      • controlled until Jan 1919
    • The Weimar Republic was formed
      • Council of People's Representatives organised elections
        • to create a new parliament
        • Germany now democratic
      • Friedrich Ebert
        • leader of SPD
          • SPD won majority of seats
        • firrst democratic president
      • Philipp Scheidmann
        • Chancellor
      • new members of Reichstag made a new constitution
        • Weimar
          • Berlin was "unsafe" bc the Spartacist uprising
        • approved and signed in Aug 1919
        • Feb 1919

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