USA: FDR and International Relations

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  • The USA and international relations
    • Isolationism
      • "The Europeans had only hired the goods that they had received during war" Coolidge
      • Americans refused to join the League of Nations but attended the meetings (Geneva) + supported the International Labour Organisation + League's work against slavery and drug trafficking
      • $100 million to Mediterranean countries + renegotiated term of German reparations ( Dawes 1924; Young 1929)
        • The Washington Naval Conference 1922 to reduce nation's naval capacity
          • Fewer warships - less likely to have another war
          • The UK weakened - Americans not able to be excluded from trade (as Germany 1914-17)
          • Japan's aims in Far East hampered - America having an 'open-door' trade policy with China
            • 1930 UK - London Naval Treaty - accepted parity with US
    • Kellogg-Briand Pact 1928 - nations agreeing to not go to war
    • "Good Neighbour" - Hoover and FDR
      • Hoover rejected FDR's Corollary to Monroe Doctrine 1930 + refused to intervene in the Brazilian Revolution
        • FDR continued withdrawing from Haiti in 1934 and Nicaragua in 1933
    • America didn't seem to seek leadership because of the political sensibilities and economical realities
      • 1938 - Mexicans nationalised half of American oil interests
    • FDR: end of isolationism and WW2
      • 1937- 97% of Americans agreed to stay isolated
      • Japan + China = war 1937
        • Japanese military "accidently" attacked and sank the American gunboat Yangtze River
          • America couldn't go to war unless there was an invasion
      • The Neutrality Acts 1935-1937; banned FDR to send goods to one side of the war
        • 1939 Act allowed America supply allies
      • 1941 German U-boat attacked USS Greer - undeclared war
      • Japan bombed American Naval base in Hawaii - 2400 sailors killed, 180 destroyed planes, sank 8 battleships

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