The universe and place of humans within it
- Created by: ellie1234567890
- Created on: 03-10-17 12:54
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- The universe and place of humans within it
- the origin of the universe and humans
- NON RELIGIOUS
- both have come about through NATURAL PROCESSES e.g. physicalism
- both are accidental, have come about by CHANCE
- based on OBJECTIVE/ EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE (SCIENCE)
- OBJECTIVE: tested by all EMPIRICAL: senses evidence (touch and smell)
- VIEW 1: steady state theory - the universe is eternal (matter has existed forever) and essentially unchanging
- VIEW 2: big bang theory - the universe has a beginning, it started with a big explosion 13.5 billion years ago
- EDWIN HUBBLE - came up with the theory of the big bang - the Hubble telescope.
- argued the universe is expanding from a common position
- using a telescope discovered RED SHIFT (light waves of galaxies moving away from us) = LIGHT EVIDENCE
- since then 'CMB' cosmic microwave background radiation (echo of the explosion) has been picked up - SOUND EVIDENCE
- THE BIG BANG - in the fall-out and cooling/ slowing down process during the next millie seconds subatomic particles of matter were formed - these became the building blocks of the universe and life as we know it today
- a massive explosion in space 13.5 billion years ago
- gases (helium and hydrogen) were formed
- according to the big bang model, the universe continues to expand today.
- a common useful analogy explains that space itself is expanding, carrying galaxies with it, like rasins in a rising loaf of bread
- scienctists don't think of space as physical
- EDWIN HUBBLE - came up with the theory of the big bang - the Hubble telescope.
- VIEW 2: big bang theory - the universe has a beginning, it started with a big explosion 13.5 billion years ago
- CHARLES DARWIN = EVOLUTION
- he proposed the theory of evolution - distinguishing to particular environments/ good genes
- evolution works through the twin processes of -RANDOM MUTATION AND NATURAL SELECTION
- RANDOM MUTATION
- the principle that genetic material is copied and passed down through the generations of a species in a way that is random (no particular pattern or purpose)
- this means that every so often a MISTAKE is made in the copying process, so that a new characteristic starts to occur in the emerging speices
- the principle that genetic material is copied and passed down through the generations of a species in a way that is random (no particular pattern or purpose)
- NATURAL SELECTION - 'SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST'
- a species may or may not survive in its competitive environment. the stronger traits are continued along to the next generations, whereas the weaker traits are bred out over time
- RANDOM MUTATION
- evolution works through the twin processes of -RANDOM MUTATION AND NATURAL SELECTION
- the theory that life on earth gradually developed - or evolved - over time, from a single cell in the primordial soup.
- his theory was based on empirical evidence; FOSSILS AND OBSERVATION of varities of plant and animal life.
- he proposed the theory of evolution - distinguishing to particular environments/ good genes
- HUMANISTS
- humans are part of natural processes and have evolved together with other species
- NON RELIGIOUS
- the origin of the universe and humans
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