The Sahel, a dryland area
- Created by: AlexMaltby
- Created on: 29-01-22 14:18
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- The Sahel, a dryland area
- Physical Threats
- Infertile Soils
- Minimal micro-organic activity, weak soils with minimal water retention
- Management includes planting pits for water storage during rainy seasons.
- Planting of nitrogen fixating trees; also the Green Wall
- Rainfall pattern changes
- sporadic temperature changes lead to soil degradation
- Wind Exposure
- Soil erosion increases, evapotranspiration too
- Management involves using grass species as a barrier to wind and water erosion
- Soil erosion increases, evapotranspiration too
- Increased Periodic Drought
- reduces soil ability to support agriculture
- only xerophytes survive
- irrigation use and management required
- contour stone barriers also reduce runoff
- reduces soil ability to support agriculture
- Albedo Changes
- Light surface reflects solar energy, warms atmosphere, water in soil evaporates leaving crystal salt, further reflection of heat.
- re-greening projects ik the Green Wall
- 2004=2007 Acacia Project in 6 countries -> taught farmers Acacia planting which restores nitrogen to soils
- Also builds communities and contributed to low farmer incomes
- 2004=2007 Acacia Project in 6 countries -> taught farmers Acacia planting which restores nitrogen to soils
- Infertile Soils
- Extends from West to East Africa across 10 nations
- Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, The Gambia, Guinea Mauritania, Mali, Niger, Nigeria and Senegal
- Human Threats
- Population Growth
- 350mil-700 in Sahel by 2060 -> food prod could drop by 50%
- Accelerate demographic transition (contraception, smaller families)
- Increasing Deforestation
- Management includes agro forestry and afforestation projects
- Overgrazing and Overcultivation
- Education for farmers, irrigation, HYVs, crop diversification, planting pits etc.
- Land Grabbing
- For instance Sudan giving away huge amounts to UAE, Saudi Arabia etc.
- Legal battles for land rights and ownership
- Population Growth
- Physical Threats
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