The Rule of Stalin
- Created by: TaylorYS
- Created on: 08-06-19 13:35
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- Stalin's Rise to Power
- Becoming Party Leader
- Power Base
- Party Secretary
- Control of Politburo agendas
- Orgburo and Secretariat
- Control of appointments in positions of responsibility
- Party Organisation
- Packed congress with his supporters
- Powerful ally, others seeked his support
- Party Membership
- Could remove those likely to support Trotsky
- New young, urban workers, and poorly educated ex peasants
- Party Secretary
- Lenin's Testament
- Heavily criticised Stalin and ordered that Stalin was not to be trusted
- Was never released publicly because:
- Stalin wasn't seen as a threat (Grey Blur)
- It spoke unflatteringly of other ministers because of their opposition to Lenin (Zinoviev and Kamenev)
- It was thought the testament would help Trotsky
- Lenin's Funeral
- Stalin as Lenin's disciple
- Trotsky told the wrong day
- Removal of the Left
- Kamenev and Zinoviev
- Initially allied with Stalin in favour of the NEP, and easily defeated Trotsky in the votes
- Stalin set the left against each other, and posed himself as the peacemaker
- Stalin eventually allied with Bukharin on the right, and Stalin's control of the delegate meant they been Kamenev and Zinoviev in all votes
- Kamenev and Zinoviev allied with Trotsky in the United Opposition, but were accused of factionalism and removed from positions of power
- Stalin eventually allied with Bukharin on the right, and Stalin's control of the delegate meant they been Kamenev and Zinoviev in all votes
- Stalin set the left against each other, and posed himself as the peacemaker
- Initially allied with Stalin in favour of the NEP, and easily defeated Trotsky in the votes
- Trotsky
- Exiled from the USSR in 1929
- Kamenev and Zinoviev
- Removal of the Right
- Stalin turned against the NEP and attacked the right in 1928
- Bukharin, Rykov, and Tomsky were removed from the Politburo
- Stalin turned against the NEP and attacked the right in 1928
- Weaknesses of the Right and Left
- Right
- Economic arguments appeared unrealistic
- Plea for softer line with peasants was unacceptable
- Could not form an organised opposition while Stalin controlled the party machine
- Left
- Could not form an organised opposition while Stalin controlled the party machine
- Easily infiltrated and defeated by Stalin
- Right
- Power Base
- The Rule of Stalin
- Handling of the Economy
- Collectivisation
- Aim
- Stalin wanted to end private land ownership
- Methods
- De-Kulakisation
- Rich peasants were monopolising their land
- Hoarded grain, keeping prices high, making themselves richer and the poor poorer
- Poorer peasants were on board with de-kulakisation because of this
- Hoarded grain, keeping prices high, making themselves richer and the poor poorer
- Rich peasants were monopolising their land
- Collective and State Farms
- De-Kulakisation
- Positives
- Helped with a greatly needed shift from rural to urban society by pushing peasants away from their land
- State procurement of grain grew
- Fed workforce and sold abroad for industrial equipment fund
- Negatives
- Hunger and Famine
- Grain harvests dropped dramatically in the early 1930s when it was most needed
- Huge amount of animal population lost
- Famine 1932-34
- Social effects
- Peasants slaughtered their remaining animals and ate their seed corn
- Punishments did not help as stocks couldn't be replenished
- Kazakhstan lost 90% of livestock
- Peasants slaughtered their remaining animals and ate their seed corn
- Resistance
- Thousands of arson attacks
- Increase in rural mass disturbance
- Women
- Seized bags of grain dumped by requisitioners
- Led demonstrations as they were the first effected (as care providers) and they were less likely to suffer reprocutions
- Hunger and Famine
- Aim
- Five Year Plans
- First
- Emphasis on heavy industry
- Success
- Electricity production trebled
- Coal and Iron production doubled, steel increased by a third
- Machine tools and industrial complexes built
- Tractor works
- Failure
- Consumer industries
- Chemical targets not met
- Lack of skilled workers
- High targets meant many not met, and Great Depression caused a struggle
- Second
- Emphasis still on heavy industry, but also communications
- Success
- Plants built benefited heavy industry
- Self sufficient machine making and metal working
- Communications and transport saw rapid growth
- Chemical industries and mettalurgy developed
- Failure
- Consumer goods still lagging
- Oil production not growing as expected
- Targets were made more realistic, 3 good years
- Third
- Focus on heavy industry and armaments for WW2
- Success
- Defence and armaments grew rapidly due to heavy focus
- Heavy industry still growing, but some areas did poorly
- Failure
- Steel output growth insignificant
- Consumer goods still lagging
- Factories short of materials
- Hard winter 1938, purges created personnel shortages
- Strengths
- Weaknesses
- First
- Aims
- Second Revolution
- Modernisation of the economy by state control and direction
- Resolution from above
- Rapid Industrialisation
- Increase Military Strength
- Achieve Self-Sufficiency
- Increase Grain Supplies
- Improve Standards of Living
- Establish his own credentials
- Move towards a socialist society
- Second Revolution
- Collectivisation
- Stalin's Dictatorship
- Growth of the Police State
- Cult of Personality
- Handling of the Economy
- Contenders for Leadership
- Left
- Trotsky
- Zinoviev
- Kamenev
- Right
- Rykov
- Tomsky
- Bukharin
- Centre
- Stalin
- Character
- Schemer, obsessive in search for personal power
- Paranoid of everyone
- Intellegent and Resourceful
- Abilities
- Administrator
- Manager
- Planner
- Character
- Stalin
- Left
- Becoming Party Leader
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