USA: The Roaring 20's, Consumerism + Entertainment
All these mindmaps are segmented into different topics
I printed mine on A3 paper as i found it v difficult to use online and A4 was wayyy too small making the bubbles unreadable
Beware of the typos I was too lazy to fix them whoops
Enjoy the revison :)
- Created by: tidgywidgy
- Created on: 06-04-18 12:07
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- Roaring 20's, Consumerism, Women, Entertainment + Intolerance
- Wealth
- people had more money to spend from the manufacturing boom
- helped the economy to keep expanding
- Novelty
- became fashionable
- new kinds of music like Jazz
- new dances to fit with the new styles of music eg Charleston
- new consumer goods like radios + fridges were made cheap enough for many Americans to be able to buy
- Consumerism
- urge to spend money on goods and services
- people bought more goods and spent more on leisure as they had more money and spare time
- working hours dropped after the war + most wages rose - at the same time most prices fell
- new industries produced new goods for people to spend their money on
- Mobility
- increased more as more people could afford cars
- people could work further from home
- new jobs such as travelling salesmen, relied on cars
- more people had the spare time to 'motor' for pleasure and create a new web of jobs such as garages, petrol stations, motels and diners
- expanding road system to accommodate mobility
- people could move states + there was less reliance on the nearest town for supplies + entertainment in rural areas
- Leissure
- people had more free time + more money to spend during their free time
- leissure industry expanded
- more people watched, listened to the radio and played sport
- Changing Morals + Values
- many law-abiding people broke the law for the first time during Prohibition
- some felt it was immoral for young women to break away from the conventional role of women
- the pace of change in small rural towns was much slower than in cities
- The Jazz Age
- jazz music swept from South to North as black people moved to NY, Detroit, Chicago
- wild music + wild dances
- too sexual
- symbolised new era of freedom
- record industry = sold jazz records
- Advertising
- billboards, newspapers, radios + magazines urged people to spend their money
- used pictures to show a desirable lifestyle
- they applied pressure by suggesting that by not buying these products the consumer was in some way letting down his family
- idea of 'keeping up with the neighbours'
- by 1925 2,700,000 families had a radio = powerful tool for advertisers
- 10 million radios = sold by 1929
- brought people in rural areas news + info + music
- Movies
- Holywood = centre for making movies
- no sound + producers hired organs or pianists to play suitable music along side the film
- 1922 - $4 million a week in ticket sales
- the average national wage was $13 a week but famous stars like Mary Pickford was paid $10,000
- wild lives of some film stars gave critics more ammunition
- 1930 - Hays Code = published - set down rules for movies to make sure 'no picture shall be produced that will lower the moral standards of those who see it'
- Talkies (1927)
- caused chaos as some famous film star didn't have good speaking voices - carries ended as audiences laughed when they spoke
- speech to go with the images on screen
- women drank, smoked and kissed before marriage = encouraging immoral actions
- movies showed crime = immoral
- Effects of the War on Women
- before women were struggling for suffrage
- but when USA entered war, gov. asked women to take the place of mens jobs who had gone to war
- experience of independence + earning wages + being capable of doing what men did
- 1918 - President Wilson urged Senate to pass a federal law giving women equal voting right 'we have made partners of the women in this war'
- 19th Amendment to the US Constitution gave woman equal suffrage (18th Aug 1920)
- after war, women were expected to return to let returning men have their jobs back, or give them up once they were married
- 1910 number of white collar female workers = 1,943 but by 1930 it 4,756
- Flappers
- did not depend on men + changed attitudes to women
- had bobs, didn't wear traditional clothing + wore more revealing clothes, wore make-up, drank + smoke
- many eventually married but then had to change their behaviour + give up their job to look after household + husband
- some took advantage of all the household gadgets to live a labour-saving life, to continue working (eg vacuum)
- Intolerance
- USA withdrew into isolation after WW1 and many were intolerant of people whos race, politics or religion were different from their own
- groups feared immorality + the abandonment of social respectability from movies, music + new freedom
- mainly from older people, religious individuals
- Some states tried to control immoral behaviours e.g Ohio = law on length dress
- fundamentalist church groups objected to any teaching that conflicted with the truth of the Bible = evolution
- The 'Monkey Trial'
- conservative politician, William Bryan campaigned to ban teaching of evolution in schools - he poked fun at the theory saying we were connected to monkeys
- 1925 - law in Tennessee that banned teaching of anything that contradicted Bibles Creation Story
- John Scopes deliberately taught evolution so there would be a court case to test whether the law was allowable under the Constitution
- case was broadcast + very popular
- defence said state law = against Constitution so should be overrulrd
- judge was against defence, even after they get someone to test eh validity of Creation Story
- judge said trial was not against the state law, but whether he broke the law, which he did = guilty = $100
- Tennessee law was not repealed until 1967
- conservative politician, William Bryan campaigned to ban teaching of evolution in schools - he poked fun at the theory saying we were connected to monkeys
- Wealth
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