The Respiratory System
- Created by: hussstar101
- Created on: 23-01-19 20:34
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- The Respiratory System
- aerobic respiration: (needs oxygen) glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water (+energy released)
- C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
- anaerobic respiration:
- in animals (only if there is a insufficient supply of oxygen): glucose -> lactic acid (+energy released)
- in plants: glucose -> ethanol+ carbon dioxide (+energy released)
- process of respiration produces ATP which provides energy for cells.
- BREATHING IN
- intercostal muscles contract, moving ribs upwards + outwards
- diaphragm contracts+ moves down
- volume inside chest increases, pressure decreases
- causing air to rush into the lungs
- BREATHING OUT
- intercostal muscles relax, moving ribs downwards + inwards
- diaphragm relaxes+ moves up
- volume inside chest decreases+ pressure incrases
- causing air to rush out of lungs
- ALVEOLI - surrounded by network of capillaries
- large surface area for diffusion, blood can receive more oxygen
- rich blood supply- to maintain a steep concentration gradient between alveoli and the blood
- fluids / moist surface to help diffuse gases and increase diffusion rate
- thin walls - short diffusion distance
- SMOKING
- mucus - traps particles of bacteria or dirt that we breath in
- cilia -tiny hair-like structure which are on cells. they move backwards and forwards, moving the mucus and trapped particles towards the mouth
- cilia destroyed so mucus is not swept away from lungs so air passages become blocked, irritating the lining of the airways so cells are stimulated to make more mucus
- aerobic respiration: (needs oxygen) glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water (+energy released)
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