The Railways in Britain 1815-1851
- Created by: HannahEmilyAdam
- Created on: 16-11-16 18:13
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- The Railways
- Transport system before the railways
- Towns needed more efficient ways of receiving news.
- Needed better ways to transport heavier goods
- Earlier railways made of wood and carriages drawn by horses
- Canals
- Could carry more than roads
- Very slow as they had to follow the route of the canal
- Very rarely direct between two places
- Charges to travel by
- Canals not cheap to travel by
- Charges to travel by
- Very rarely direct between two places
- Very slow as they had to follow the route of the canal
- Could carry more than roads
- Canals
- Liverpool to Mancester railway
- Why was it built?
- Transport goods safely and quickly from the biggest port in the north: Liverpool to the biggest town: Mancester
- Improved communication between the two
- Supported by merchants and industrialists (cotton factory owners) as they could make more money
- Cheaper
- Road: 40 chillings - not quick nor safe in the wiinter
- Canal: 9-20 shillings - very slow
- Stockton to Darlington proved that steam power was quicker and more effective
- Road: 40 chillings - not quick nor safe in the wiinter
- Stockton to Darlington proved that steam power was quicker and more effective
- Opoosition
- Turnpike and Canal companies didn't want to lose money Bridgewater Canal company - making £100,000 before railways
- Local landowners (Earls of Derby) didn't want the railways passing through and ruining their land
- Local farmers thought the noise would scare their cattle and make them infertile and set their crops on fire
- Residents didn't want the pollution or noise near where they lived
- Parliament opposed a bill to build the railways in 1825. However, it was successful in 1826 when they agreed to change the route
- It cost £30,000 to build the new railway
- Navvies
- Positives
- Physically built the railways - little machinery or technology to help them
- Brave - in some railways - 23 killed, 200 injured
- Hard working and loyal
- Negatives
- Put houses where they worked - could've been there for up to 6 years!
- Fill up local towns
- Swamped towns - yeomanry had to be called because of a disturbance involving 2,000 navvies
- Seen has rude, brutish, illiterate and uncivilized
- Violent to each other and locals
- Drank lots and prostitutes used to follow them around to ply their trade
- Put houses where they worked - could've been there for up to 6 years!
- Positives
- Transport goods safely and quickly from the biggest port in the north: Liverpool to the biggest town: Mancester
- Why was it built?
- How did the railways benefit Britain?
- Social
- New railway towns
- Better diets for towns and cities
- Growth of seaside towns
- More unified Britain
- Economic
- Economic growth
- More opportunites for businesses to develop
- Better farming
- Increased employment
- Increased demand for coal and oil
- Investment in railways
- Less people where using the Turnpike and Canal companies
- Economic decline
- Less people where using the Turnpike and Canal companies
- Economic growth
- Social
- Rainhill trails
- Choosing the best locomotive
- Directors of the company held a competition in the Rainhill levels
- Winning locomotive had to:
- Do 20 timed runs of 2 miles
- Pull three wgaons
- Reach 10 mph
- Had no more than 6 wheels or weigh more than 6 tonnes
- Consume its own smoke
- Winner was Robert Stephenson
- Transport system before the railways
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