Psychodynamics

?
View mindmap
  • The psychodynamic approach.
    • Key assumptions.
      • Behaviour is determined by early childhood experiences.
      • Behaviour is also influenced by things in the unconscious mind.
      • Behaviour is motivated by instinctive drives such as sex (libido) and aggression.
    • The role of the unconscious.
      • The mind has three levels.
        • Conscious- awareness.
        • Preconscious- partial awareness.
        • Unconscious- unaware of things in our unconscious mind.
      • To repress unpleasant thoughts from things like our libido (sex drive) and violent motives that we need to satisfy.
      • Harris & Campbell.
        • They studied 128 women who were having a planned pregnancy, were having a planned pregnancy or weren't pregnant. It was found that women having an unplanned pregnancy were more likely to have secondary gains.
    • The structure of personality.
      • ID.
        • The ID is present from birth.
        • It operates on the pleasure principle.
        • It's driven by basic, selfish desires that it demands to be satisfied immediately. It's irrational and doesn't accept that somethings are inappropriate.
      • Ego.
        • The ego develops around the age of 2.
        • It operates on the reality principle.
        • It is rational and logical and mediates between the ID and the superego to obtain pleasure acceptably.
      • Superego.
        • It develops at around the age of 5.
        • It operates on the morality principle.
        • It's main function is to uphold moral standards and to punish the id for wrong doings.
    • Defence mechanisms.
      • Repression.
        • Forcing a distressing memory into the unconscious mind, where we are no longer consciously aware of it.
        • E.G- Not being able to remember seeing someone being stabbed.
      • Denial.
        • Refusing to acknowledge or admit to some aspect of reality.
      • Displacement
        • Transferring an unacceptable emotion from its true source onto a substitute target that's considered more acceptable.
        • Shouting at your kids because someone else got a promotion at work.
    • Psychosexual stages.
      • Oral (0-1)
        • Mouth.
        • Conflict= weening.
        • Consequence= smoking or nail biting.
      • Anal.(1-3).
        • Anus.
        • Potty training.
        • Ordinance (retentive) or messiness (expulsive).
      • Phallic.(3-6).
        • Genitals.
        • Identification with same sex parent.
        • Sexual decline.
      • Latent. (6-12)
        • Busy with other things such as, school.
      • Genital (12+)
        • Genitals.
        • Reaching sexual maturity.
        • Healthy sexual relationships.
    • The Oedipus complex.
      • Oedipus complex takes place during the phallic stage and the boy's libido is directed towards his mother. He sees his father as competition and develops castration anxiety. Eventually, this is resolved.
      • The Oedipus complex also takes place in girls but this is known as the Electra complex but her desire is replaced by the desire to have a baby.
      • Little Hans is a case study conducted by Freud. Little Hans had a fear of horses and Freud put this down to the boy being afraid of his father and he said that horses reminded him of his father.

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Psychology resources:

See all Psychology resources »See all Approaches resources »