Neuromuscular System Key Terms
- Created by: elise.richmond
- Created on: 27-03-17 11:15
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- The Neuromuscular System
- Slow Twitch Fibres (type 1)
- have slower contraction speeds and are better adapted to lower intensity exercise
- Produce energy aerobically (with oxygen)
- have slower contraction speeds and are better adapted to lower intensity exercise
- Fast Twitch Fibres (Type 2)
- have a faster contraction speed and generate a stronger force of contraction
- Type 2 a: FAST OXIDATIVE GLYCOLYTIC more resistant to fatigue, used for longer events e.g. 1500m
- Type 2 b: FAST GLYCOLYTIC fatigue much quicker and are used for short, explosive events e.g. 100m
- Motor Unit
- a motor neurone and its muscle fibres
- Only one type of muscle fibre can be found in one motor neurone
- Motor neurones
- nerve cells that transmit instructions from the brain as electrical impulses
- a motor neurone and its muscle fibres
- Neuromuscular Junction
- is where the motor neurone and muscle fibre meet
- ALL OR NONE LAW
- A motor unit cannot partially contract. The impulses have to stimulate all muscle fibres in the unit to contract. If they are not ALL stimulated, then none of them contract
- Wave summation
- When nerve impulse is repeated with no time to relax- causes a smooth and sustained contraction instead of twitches
- The sustained contraction is known as a tetanic contraction
- When nerve impulse is repeated with no time to relax- causes a smooth and sustained contraction instead of twitches
- Spatial Summation
- occurs when impulses are received at the same time BUT at different places on the neurone so build up to fire the neurone
- If additional and bigger motor neurones are recruited then a greater force can develop
- occurs when impulses are received at the same time BUT at different places on the neurone so build up to fire the neurone
- Muscle Spindles
- detect how far and fast a muscle is being stretched and produce the stretch reflex
- Golgi tendon organs
- Are activated when there's tension in a muscle. They sense increase in tension and send signals to the brain to allow the muscle to relax and lengthen
- Isometric contraction
- when there is no viable movement of a muscle but there is tension
- Autogenic inhibition
- when there's sudden muscle relaxation in response to high tension
- The Golgi tendons are involved in this. Its the process where the G.T send signals to the brain to allow the muscle to relax and lengthen
- Slow Twitch Fibres (type 1)
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