The Multistore Model

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  • Created by: 17LauEva
  • Created on: 13-11-17 11:09
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  • The Multistore model
    • Sensory Memory
      • Sensory register
        • receives and stores info through senses
        • coding- modality specific
          • capacity- very large
            • duration- 0.5 to 3 secs
        • can be lost through decay
    • Short term memory (STM
      • coding- acoustically (how it sounds
      • capacity- limited (5- 9 items)
      • can be lost through decay/ displacement
    • info received from SR stored temporarily
      • Short term memory (STM
        • coding- acoustically (how it sounds
        • capacity- limited (5- 9 items)
        • can be lost through decay/ displacement
    • serial position effect- Murdock
      • first few words are rehearsed (LTM) and the most recent words go to STM.
      • words said at the middle of list either gets decayed or displaced, thus there's a drop in the serial curve
  • Long term memory
    • The Multistore model
      • Sensory Memory
        • Sensory register
          • receives and stores info through senses
          • coding- modality specific
            • capacity- very large
              • duration- 0.5 to 3 secs
          • can be lost through decay
      • info received from SR stored temporarily
        • serial position effect- Murdock
          • first few words are rehearsed (LTM) and the most recent words go to STM.
          • words said at the middle of list either gets decayed or displaced, thus there's a drop in the serial curve
      • coding- semantically
      • capacity- unlimited
      • can be lost through decay/ interference
    • case study- KF
      • Suffered brain damage- affected his STM ability for verbal information.
        • could process visual information normally
          • shows phonological loop had been damages
          • supports WMM- shows existence of a separate visual and acoustic store
    • supporting research for STM- Miller
      • investigated the capacity of STM
      • participants read a series of numbers and repeated them back to the researcher in the same order that they heard.
        • average digit span was 7 plus or minus 2
          • number of digits had to recall increased until they could not recall them accurately
            • Capacity of STM can be increased by chunking
            • participants read a series of numbers and repeated them back to the researcher in the same order that they heard.
              • average digit span was 7 plus or minus 2
                • number of digits had to recall increased until they could not recall them accurately
                  • Capacity of STM can be increased by chunking
    • case study- Clive Wearing
      • challenges the MSM because he shows LTM has different stores- has procedural memory (play piano)
        • memories of past events are not retrievable showing that MSM is not 1 store= lacks validity
      • Clive was still able to walk, talk and play the piano but lost the ability to form new long term memory
    • tested 733 adults who had taken Spanish
      • participants not currently enrolled in a spanish course had not studied spanish for periods ranging from 1- 50 yrs
      • supporting research for LTM- Bahrick
    • recall declined for the first 3 years after people stopped studying
      • after that, the amount of information remembered stayed similar
        • showing that information stayed in LTM can be for many years
    • serial curve supports MSM- shows STM and LTM are separate
    • Limitations
      • according to MSM, what matters in rehearsal is the amount of it that you do
        • however, Craik and Watkins discovered that there are 2 types of rehearsal
          • maintenance rehearsal is the type described in the MSM but does not transfer into LTM
          • Elaborative rehearsal is needed for long term storage- occurs when you link the information to your existing knowledge.
            • serious limitation if the MSM because it is another research finding that cannot be explained by the model

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