The Liberal International Order

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  • The Liberal International Order
    • Sovereign States
      • Since decolonisatio-n (1960s)
      • A withering concept?
        • Supports concept of the declining LIO
        • Increased number of International Institutions
          • E.g. UN, EU, WTO
      • A re-emerging concept?
        • Increased support for eurosceptic policies e.g. UK leaving the EU, Marine Le Penn presidential candidate and AfD
          • LIO can be both seen as in decline and not through this fact
            • On the one hand, the LIO isn't in decline as sovereignty still is demanded by the people, a key tenet of the order
            • However, can be seen as declining as a push against liberal institutions such as the EU
    • Liberal Norms and Institutions
      • Since the 20th Century
    • Western Led
      • Since 18th Century (XVIII)
    • Capitalism and Market Led Economy
      • Since 1990s
    • Open and Globalizing
      • Since 1990s
      • Allows for rising powers? e.g. increased role of China in international relations
        • However, the BRICs are still excluded from prominent positions e.g, UN Security Council
          • China arguably has developed by now.
      • Concept of deglobalizati-on has been presented by some scholars
        • E.g. 'Deglobalization' by Walden Bello.
    • Schools of IR

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