Behaviourist approach
- Created by: phoeberosee
- Created on: 23-04-18 19:07
View mindmap
- The Learning Approach- Behaviourism
- Assumptions
- Observable + measurable behaviour
- No interest in underlying mental processes
- Basic processes that govern learning are same in all species
- Use animals
- Lab experiments
- Classical Conditioning- Pavlov
- Dog can be conditioned to salivate due to sound of a bell
- Before conditioning Food (UCS) -> salivation (UCR) Bell (NS) -> No response
- During Conditioning Bell + Food (UCS)-> Salivation (UCR)
- After Conditioning Bell (CS) -> Salivation (CR)
- Operant Conditioning- Skinner
- Learning active process
- 3 Consequences of behaviour
- Positive Reinforcement- rewarded when behaviours are performed (strengthens behaviour)
- Negative Reinforcement- Avoids something unpleasant
- Punishment- Unpleasant consequences behaviour (Weakens behaviour)
- Skinners Box- rat activate lever reward with food, conditioned to perform behaviour to avoid shock
- Evaluation
- Scientific Credibility
- Emphasised importance of scientific processes e.g Objectivity and replication , lab studies
- Brought language and methods of science into psych, great credibility
- Real-life application
- OC- Token Economy systems successful in institutions e.g Prisons, Psychiatric wards
- Treatment of Phobias - Little Albert less effort for patient as don't have to think about problem
- Mechanistic View of Behaviour
- SLT + cognitive approach placed emphasis on mental event during learning
- Suggest humans play more active role in learning than animals.
- Ethical + practical issues
- Animals exposed to stressful + averse conditions- affect reaction Lack validity not normal
- Scientific Credibility
- Assumptions
Comments
No comments have yet been made