The Korean War
- Created by: lizziemaisie
- Created on: 11-04-18 16:50
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- The Korean War 1950-1953
- Why did the US get involved?
- Fear of communist expansion
- Things getting better for communists
- Domestic policies
- McCarthyism/ Republicans attack on Truman
- Truman's desire to prove collective security in UN
- Fear of communist expansion
- PHASE 1 June - Sept '50
- N.K invades S.K with 135,000 men (25 June)
- RoK poorly equipped
- All of S.K taken by end of July save for small area around Pusan
- 27 June UN oppose N.K
- Truman sends troops from JPN
- United Nations Command (UNC) given to Mac (however he reports straight to Truman not UN)
- American war? UN just a tool for US?
- US go in confident but end up experiencing high casualties
- Battle of Taejon (Aug '50) 1 in 3 US dead, wounded or missing
- N.K invades S.K with 135,000 men (25 June)
- PHASE 2 'Rollback' to Yalu River Sept - Oct '50
- US/UN/RoK managed to take back majority of S.K (after Inchon landing)
- Inchon landing 15 Sept '50
- Change in policy - continue beyond 38th parallel
- US go their way with UN as they used in General Assembly which USSR weren't in
- UN resolution 7 Oct (basically allow Mac into N.K)
- US go their way with UN as they used in General Assembly which USSR weren't in
- Reasons for this change in policy
- Change in policy - continue beyond 38th parallel
- US go their way with UN as they used in General Assembly which USSR weren't in
- UN resolution 7 Oct (basically allow Mac into N.K)
- US go their way with UN as they used in General Assembly which USSR weren't in
- Revenge on N.K - Rhee wants to unify and be leader
- Mac overconfident (doesn't think CHN will intervene)
- Hawks (e.g. Mac, Rusk) have more influence on Truman
- Mac overconfident (doesn't think CHN will intervene)
- US shown to be hard on Communism
- Republican rumours/ McCarthyism
- Change in policy - continue beyond 38th parallel
- NSC 81 advices Mac not to send US troops near Yalu (don't antagonise Chinese)
- Mac ignores and places troops near Yalu (doesn't think China will join)
- US/UN/RoK managed to take back majority of S.K (after Inchon landing)
- PHASE 3 Chinese intervention Oct '50 - Jan'51
- Why do CHN enter war?
- Fear US would invade
- Mac ignored orders
- US 7th fleet in Taiwan
- They want to border with Communist state
- Mao want to be Asian Communist leader
- Had enough men
- Fear US would invade
- 14 Oct CHN begin to cross river
- March through night (not noticed)
- 25 Oct full divisions cross river (day after US troops are placed there)
- US/UN/RoK outnumbered (and outskilled - Chinese tough)
- 27 Nov Chosin Reseviour - The Great Bugout (RETREAT)
- Mac fails
- Wants to bomb bridges (only 4 are and river freezes)
- Says they'll be home by Xmas (nope)
- Broadcasts plans on army radio - Chinese able to tune in
- 4 Jan forces far back as Seoul
- Why do CHN enter war?
- PHASE 4 Stalemate '51 - '53
- Mac's dismissal
- Sacked 11 April '51
- Keeps disobeying and ignoring Truman
- Disses his Containment policy
- Writes letter to Republican complain (last straw)
- Disses his Containment policy
- Truman needs to keep limited war (vs Mac's preferred total war)
- Makes speech threatening CHN with war March '51 (Truman needs to prevent WW3)
- US try and break N.K (increase military operation after -->
- 4 Jan forces far back as Seoul
- Summer '52 increased air attacks (use of napalm)
- PHASE 4 Stalemate '51 - '53
- Mac's dismissal
- Sacked 11 April '51
- Keeps disobeying and ignoring Truman
- Disses his Containment policy
- Writes letter to Republican complain (last straw)
- Disses his Containment policy
- Truman needs to keep limited war (vs Mac's preferred total war)
- Makes speech threatening CHN with war March '51 (Truman needs to prevent WW3)
- US try and break N.K (increase military operation after -->
- Summer '52 increased air attacks (use of napalm)
- Summer '52 increased air attacks (use of napalm)
- War ends 27 July '53 with peace treaty (Rhee refuses to sign)
- Change of leaders (Eisenhower president, Stalin dead)
- PoW issue resolved - US hand over 75,000 June '53
- Financially unsustainable
- Diplomacy of Kennan and Malik bring countries together
- Mao calls for cease fire (doesn't happen as US call them aggressors)
- Mao wants seat on UN council and expulsion of Taiwan
- 27 states oppose US declaration (including GBR and FRN)
- Peace unable to be reached as all leaders don't want to 'lose face'
- Also matter of PoWs that faced bad treatment on both sides
- US used PoWs for propaganda (give home to those who don't want to return to communist state)
- Stalin want to keep US occupied in Asia
- Also matter of PoWs that faced bad treatment on both sides
- Mac's dismissal
- PHASE 4 Stalemate '51 - '53
- War ends 27 July '53 with peace treaty (Rhee refuses to sign)
- Change of leaders (Eisenhower president, Stalin dead)
- PoW issue resolved - US hand over 75,000 June '53
- Financially unsustainable
- Diplomacy of Kennan and Malik bring countries together
- Mao calls for cease fire (doesn't happen as US call them aggressors)
- Mao wants seat on UN council and expulsion of Taiwan
- 27 states oppose US declaration (including GBR and FRN)
- Peace unable to be reached as all leaders don't want to 'lose face'
- Also matter of PoWs that faced bad treatment on both sides
- US used PoWs for propaganda (give home to those who don't want to return to communist state)
- Stalin want to keep US occupied in Asia
- Also matter of PoWs that faced bad treatment on both sides
- Mac's dismissal
- Why did the US get involved?
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