The Interregnum- Cromwell's Rule and the Restoration of the Monarchy
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- Created on: 28-06-21 09:38
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- The Interregnum- Cromwell's Rule and the Restoration of the Monarchy
- Restrictions under Cromwell
- Cromwell imposed restrictions on all aspects of everyday life when he became lord protector
- Puritans believed that if you lived a good life and had a good soul you would go ot heaven. This meant they refarined from certain activities that they deemed immoral.
- Restrictions were placed on ale-houses and pubs. Theatres were closed. Dancing, bear-baiting and most sports were banned.
- Festivities at Easter and Christmas were banned
- Swearing was banned and punishable by a fine or prison.
- Cromwell became unpopular and people grew angry with the new laws.
- Cromwell also raised taxes which were seen as greedy.
- Cromwell and the Crown
- Due to the constant changes in government following Charles I's death it was clear by 1657 that some stability was needed.
- They wanted the stability of a King but did not want the Stuarts back on the throne.
- Cromwell was offered the crown by Parliament in February 1657. He liked the idea of the stability of a monarchy but he was one of the people who helped to destroy it.
- Cromwell was concerned that people would start to think he had destroyed the monarchy just to become King himself.
- In June 1657, in a ceremony similar to a coronation, Cromwell was re-installed as Lord Protector.
- Cromwell was allowed to choose his own successor.
- From 1657, Cromwell's health began to deteriorate. It was decided that Cromwell's son, Richard would take over if anything happened to Cromwell.
- Cromwell died in September 1658. Richard took over but he lacked the support of the army and Parliament.
- In 1659, Richard Cromwell resigned and General Monck, a senior army officer, brought an army to London.
- The Long Parliament was recalled, the original Parliament from 1640, which contained many supporters of the monarchy.
- The Restoration of the Monarchy
- Charles II had fled Europe in 1651 after a defeat to Cromwell. He was asked to return in 1660 to become king.
- Charles told Parliament he would show mercy to those who went against his father. However, he did request that Cromwell's body be dug up and put on trial as a traitor for the execution of his father.
- Cromwell's body was put on trial and he was found guilty and hung. His head was displayed in London. 13 of the other men involved in the execution of Charles I were also hanged.
- Royal supporters who lost land under Cromwell had it returned. The House of Lords and Church of England were both restored.
- Only members of the Church of England could become MPs, teachers or priests. All non Church of England services were illegal.
- Many people had disliked Cromwell's rule so Charles II was extremely popular and was greeted with huge enthusiasm.
- Charles II was nicknamed the Merry Monarch due to his love of parties, wine and horse racing.
- Restrictions under Cromwell
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