The Humanistic Approach

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  • The Humanistic Approach
    • Main Assumption
      • Every person has their own unique way of perceiving and understanding the world and that the things they do only make sense in this light
      • The aim of this approach is not objectivity as the other approaches; its aim is to understand people's subjectivity
    • The concept of free will
      • People are active agents who are self-determining
      • They are not affected by any biological or other external factors
      • We are unique and should study the subjective experiences, not general laws
    • The concept of self-actualisation
      • Everyone has an innate tendency to want to reach their potential this is self-actualisation
      • Self-actualisation is on the uppermost level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs
      • For someone to move up the hierarchy, the first need to achieve all of the levels before that
    • The self, congruence and conditions of worth
      • According to Rodgers personal growth requires congruence between self and the ideal self
      • Without it, there is incongruence, and with that comes negative feelings of self-esteem, self-worth etc
    • Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
      • Self Actualisation
        • Self-Esteem
          • Love and Belonging
            • Safety and Security
              • Physiological Needs
    • Evaluation
      • Not Reductionist - this approach is holistic and does not try to break down behaviours into simpler components - humanism places the importance on entire individuals
  • Takes an idiographic approach as it focuses on individuals rather than large groups of people - accounts for unique experiences
  • Real life application - client centred therapy - based off humanistic approach - increases external validity

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