the emancipation edict, 1861
- Created by: tash.baines
- Created on: 31-05-21 20:42
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- the emancipation of the serfs
- influences on Alex II
- his tutor, Zhukovsky
- his earlier travels around the empire
- the circle of nobles known as the 'Party of St Petersburg Progress'
- his brother, Grand Duke Konstantin
- his aunt, Grand Duchess Elena Pavlovna
- 'enlightened bureaucrats', such as the Milyutin brothers and other intelligentsia members
- economic motives to abolish serfdom
- free peasants
- greater work incentive
- grain surplus
- grain export providing money for landowners / state
- industry investment in Russia
- mobile peasantry moving to towns to work in industry
- greater prosperity
- social reasons to reform
- increase in peasant uprisings since 1840s
- may have encouraged Alex to concede emancipation grant
- defeat in Crimean War
- Dmitry Milyutin argued only a 'free' population would provide labour for army
- increase in peasant uprisings since 1840s
- early reforms
- released political prisoners
- relaxed controls on censorship
- lessened restrictions on foreign travel and uni entrance
- cancelled tax debts
- restored some rights in Poland and catholic church
- the 1861 emancipation edict
- serfs granted freedom and land allotment
- government compensated landlords
- kept some land but open fields given to mir
- freed serfs had to pay redemption payments to government over 49 years for land
- had to be with mir until payments were paid
- mir distributed allotments, control farming and collect and pay peasant taxes
- volosts established to supervise mirs
- ran their own courts from 1863
- influences on Alex II
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