the concept of hazards
- Created by: 12aatkin
- Created on: 02-05-19 15:57
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- Concepts of hazards
- what is a hazard?
- a threat with the potential to cause injury, loss of life, damage to economy, socio-economic disruption or environmental damage
- Natural hazard
- an event perceived to be a threat to people, the built environment and the natural environment. they occur in the physical environments of the atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere
- Characteristics of a hazard
- clear origin
- short warning time
- scale and intensity require emergency respone
- loss of life and damage occurs shortly after event
- exposure to risk is involuntary
- Disaster
- a hazard event that causes widespread disruption, destruction of property and loss life on a significant scale
- Risk
- the probability of a hazard occurring and creating loss
- there is increased risk if:
- fewer open spaces so more buildings are likely to collapse and kill people
- No warning systems
- lack of education
- tall unstable buildings
- high population and building density
- poor external services
- poor drainage
- why do people put themselves at risk
- lack of alternatives
- hazards are unpredictable to cant be scared all the time
- changing level of risk
- e.g. deforestation = increased flooding risk
- cost/ benefits
- factors that affect peoples perception of a hazard
- experience/education
- religious belifs
- social status
- age
- Vulnerability
- risk and ability to cope with loss
- e.g. Haiti has high vulnerability because it has high risk and low ability to cope with loss as it is very economically and politically unstable
- risk and ability to cope with loss
- effects of hazards
- Primary
- the effects of a hazard event resulting directly from the event
- secondary
- effects that result from the primary impact of the event
- Primary
- how do people respond to natural hazards
- fatalism
- acceptance that hazards are natural and there is little to nothing we can do to prevent them
- fear
- the perception that people feel so vulnerable that they can no longer live in the area and move to safer places
- adaptation
- people see it possible to prepare for, prediction, prevention and/or protection, (depends on their economic and technological circumstances)
- factors that affect peoples perception of a hazard
- experience/education
- religious belifs
- social status
- age
- fatalism
- what is a hazard?
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