The Church of England, 140-62
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- Created on: 15-04-20 17:57
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- The Church of England, 1640-62
- Parliament's reordering of the church, 1640-53
- From 1643 Parliament introduced a series of measures to reform the Church of England.
- Included:
- The office of bishop was abolished in favour of a Presbyterian form of government.
- Meant that church rule was carried out by organisations of deacons and local elders.
- Book of Common Prayer was banned.
- Replaced by the Directory of Worship.
- Arminian features of churches (eg. stain glass and statues) were removed.
- Traditional Christian festivals (eg. Christmas and Easter) were no longer celebrated.
- Instead, they became days of fasting and prayer.
- In 1650 a Toleration Act ended the requirement of compulsory attendance at the national church's service.
- The office of bishop was abolished in favour of a Presbyterian form of government.
- These changes led to thousands of parish priests being expelled from their homes.
- Many bishops were imprisoned or exiled, or simply went into hiding.
- Included:
- From 1643 Parliament introduced a series of measures to reform the Church of England.
- The Cromwellian Church, 1653-60
- One of Cromwell's key aims was to bring aout a religious and social reformation.
- This meant establishing 'godly rule' and an improvement in public morality on the lines suggested by the Puritans
- The Instrument of Government of 1653 was England's first written constitution.
- As well as estalishing the republican form of government, it granted liberty of worship to all except Catholics and the more extreme Protestant sects.
- One of Cromwell's key aims was to bring aout a religious and social reformation.
- Restoration of Anglicanism, 1660-62
- The restoration in May 1660 restored the Anglican Church, as well as the Stuart monarchy.
- Charles II's showed he favoured religious toleration for non-conformists and Catholics in his Declaration of Breda.
- The king and his cheif minister (Clarendon) sought to broaden the Church of England.
- Wanted to accommodate moderate protestant groups that had emerged during/after the Civil War.
- In 1661 the Savoy House Conference met to discuss the issue.
- However, members of the Cavalier Parliament opposed the toleration offered at Breda.
- Instead, they imposed a narrow religious settlement that became known as the Clarendon Code.
- Included:
- Act of Uniformity (1662) made the Book of Common Prayer compulsary in all churches.
- Corporation Act (1661) required all involved in local government to be communicant members of the Church of England.
- Conventicle Act (1664), religious meetings of 5 or more were forbidden.
- The 5 Mile Act (1665) established that clergymen who had been expelled from their parish for refusing to comply with the Act of Uniformity could not go within 5 miles of their former parish.
- Clarendon and Charles didn't support the narrow and vindictive religious settlement, but were forced to go with Parliament's wishes.
- 2000 clergy were deprived of their livings for refusing the Act of Uniformity.
- Many of these emigrated to America (like the Puritans before them).
- Included:
- Instead, they imposed a narrow religious settlement that became known as the Clarendon Code.
- However, members of the Cavalier Parliament opposed the toleration offered at Breda.
- Although the Anglican Church had been restored in the 1660s, it could no longer pretend to have exclusive control over the country's religious beliefs.
- Despite the persecution of religious dissenters, non-conformists remained a significant minority within many parts of the country.
- The restoration in May 1660 restored the Anglican Church, as well as the Stuart monarchy.
- Parliament's reordering of the church, 1640-53
- Before 1640, the Church of England played a key role in the political and social life of the country.
- The years 1640-60 saw the virtual destruction of the Church of Englnd as the centre of religious life.
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