The Behaviourist Approach
- Created by: julyfirst
- Created on: 22-03-19 12:41
View mindmap
- Behaviourism
- Assumptions
- Behaviour that can be observed and measure
- Relied on lab experiments
- Watson rejected introspection
- Animals could be used in experiements instead of people as we have similar learning patterns
- Classical Conditioning
- First demonstrated by Pavlov
- Dogs were coniditioned to salivate at the sound of bell (neutral) after being paired with food
- Learning by association
- Operant Conditioning
- Suggested by Skinner
- 'Positive reinforcement' a reward that increases chance of behaviour being repeated
- 'Negative reinforcement' behaviour occurs more in order to avoid something unpleasant
- 'Punishment' an unpleasant consequence that decreases likelihood of behaviour repeating
- Evaluation
- Scientific Credibility- results can be replicated
- Real Life Application- token economy systems in prisons
- Mechanistic View- see humans as passive, machine-like responders with little concious thought
- Environmental Determinism- ignores any possible influence of free will, Skinner only focuses on reinforcement history
- Ethical Issues- Skinner's rat box had the animals exposed to stressful conditions
- Assumptions
Comments
No comments have yet been made