The Beginning of the Cold War

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  • The beginning of the Cold War
    • The Countries
      • Britain
        • Democracy led by Churchill - war with Germany since 1939
      • USA
        • Democracy led by Roosevelt - war with Germany and Japan since Dec 1941
      • Soviet Union
        • Communist one-party state led by Stalin - war with Germany since 1941
    • The Tehran Conference (Nov-Dec 1943)
      • USA and Britain agreed to open a second front by invading Nazi-occupied Germany
      • USSR would declare war on Japan once Germany was defeated
      • Boundaries of Poland moved westwards; gain territory from Germany and lose it to USSR
      • International body would be set up to settle future disputes
        • Set the scene for establishment of United Nations
    • The Yalta Conference
      • Germany would be reduced in size and divided and demilitarised - pay reparations
      • Europe to be rebuilt along the lines of the Atlantic Charter.
        • Countries would have democratic elections
      • UN to be set up
      • USSR declare war on Japan when Germany defeated
      • Poland in Soviet 'sphere of influence' but run on broader democratic basis
    • The Potsdam Conference (Jul-Aug 1945
      • Council of Foreign Ministers set up to organise rebuilding of Europe
      • Germany reduced in size and divided into 4 zones (run by each country)
        • Berlin to be divided as well
      • Nazi Party banned and war criminals persecuted
      • USSR was to receive 25% of input from 3 other zones
    • Outcomes of Conferences
      • Tension was increasing between allies
      • Differences were starting to emerge
        • Over future of Germany and Eastern Europe
      • Roosevelt's death led to Truman becoming president
        • He was much more distrustful of Soviet Union

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