Testing ions

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  • Testing for ions
    • Negative
      • Positive
        • Add NaOH (aq)
          • If gas produced when heated
            • Red litmus turns blue
              • NH4+
      • Add nitric acid and test gas with limewater
        • Stayed clear but fizzed, limewater turned cloudy
          • Carbonate CO3 2-
      • Add small amount of nitric acid and silver nitrate solution
        • White precipitate
          • Chloride CO-
        • Yellow precipitate
          • Bromide Br-
        • Yellow/ cloudy but NO precipitate
          • Iodide I-
      • Add barium chloride
        • Turns milky white
          • Sulphate SO4 2-
  • If no soldier formed Flame test
    • lilac - K+
    • Crimson Li+
    • Add NaOH (aq)
      • If gas produced when heated
        • Red litmus turns blue
          • NH4+
    • Brick red - Ca 2+
    • Yellow - Na+

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