Education

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  • Created by: 12ehoare
  • Created on: 05-03-18 19:40
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  • Education
    • In-school factors
      • Labelling theory
        • Self-fulfilling prophecy
      • Streaming/ banding/ setting
        • Smyth et al (2006) harmful effects on learner identities of being in lower sets
      • Hidden  Curriculum
        • The things that pupils learn through the experience of attending school rather than the main curriculum subjects
          • Bowles and Gintis (Marxists)
    • Gender
      • Language & textbooks
        • Predominantly show white males in science text books
      • Why girls outperform boys
        • Feminism
          • Sue Sharpe
        • More career and educational ducational opportunities
          • Francis & Skelton (2005) found that many girls have ambitious career plans with may looking towards jobs that require degree-level qualifications
        • Gender socialisation
          • Hannan (2000) conducted research into how girls & boys spend their leisure time
            • Girls spend more time talking - have better communication skills than boys
        • Labelling & self-fulfilling prophecy
          • John Abraham (1986] asked teachers to describe a typical boy and a typical girl
            • Typical boy= not particularly bright, likes a laugh and always attention seeking
            • Typical girl= bright, well-behaved and hard working, quiet and timid
      • Why boys underachieve
        • Crisis of masculinity
          • Mac an Gmail (1994) argued that their has been a crisis in masculinity due to the decline in traditional manual jobs
        • Feminisation of education
        • Boys overestimate their ability
          • Francis, Barber and Dweck- girls underestimate their ability and work harder, boys overestimate their ability and think it will be fine
        • Gender socialisation
    • Ethnicity
      • Tony Sewell
        • Ethnocentric curriculum
          • Education is notoriously white
        • Ghetto culture
          • Failed themselves due to the culture they lived in
      • Bernard Coard
        • Schools systematically fail black pupils, barring them from an education that is rightfully theirs
    • Anti-school subcultures
      • Paul Willis’ Lads
      • The Macho Lads
        • Hostile to school authority and learning
      • Mac an Ghaill (1994) identified a range of school subculture - based on the sets students were put in
      • Lacey - polarisation (bottom set = anti-school subcultures, top set= pro-school subcultures
        • Usually working class students in anti-school subcultures
    • Relationships
      • Ideal pupil
        • Becker
        • The one who conforms to m/c standards
      • Rosenthal & Jacobsen
        • Tested the IQ of pupils in an elementary school and told teachers they would show rapid growth
          • Came back to see they'd made the most progress - teachers expectations affect pupil's perforance
            • The A-C economy
              • Gillbourn & Youdell
              • The publishing of the league tables - concentrating on the pupils that have the potential to achieve 5 A*-C's to boost the school's league table position
    • Subject choice
      • peer pressure - male gaze
      • Teacher channeling
      • Primary and secondary socialisation
      • Curriculum and gendered subject content
      • Gendered careers - media
    • Functionalist views of education
      • Generally positive view on education
      • Durkheim
        • Social solidarity
        • Division of labour
        • Learning of rules
      • Davis & Moore
        • Role allocation
      • Parsons
        • Education forms a bridge between the family and wider society by socialising children to adopt a meritocratic view
      • Skills provision
        • Education teaches the skills required by the modern industrial industry
    • Marxist views of education
      • Education is seen as an important part of the superstructure of society
      • It reproduces inequalities and social relations of production in capitalist society
        • It serves  to legitimate those inequalities through the myth of meritocracy
      • Althusser (1971) says that the main role of education is to transmit ISA values (ruling class or capitalist) disguised as common values
      • Bourdieu (1977)
        • Symbolic violence - where the working class are effectively duped in to accepting their failure and limited social mobility
      • Bowles & Gintis
        • The correspondence theory
          • Suggests that what goes on in school corresponds directly to the world of work
    • Class
      • Material Deprivation
        • Working class houses lacking educational resources
        • Gibson and Asthana
        • Poverty is closely linked to underachievement
        • Nearly 90% of failing schools are in deprived areas
      • Cultural deprivation
        • Bourdieu & Passerson (1977) suggested that m/c cultural capital is as valuable as material weath
        • w/c parents less likely to be involved in things happening in school or things related to such as parents evenings

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