Sociology; subcultural strain theories
- Created by: niamh mangan
- Created on: 06-12-16 20:38
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- Subcultural Strain theories
- A.K.Cohen; status fustration
- lower class phenomenon from inability to achieve through legit means
- criticise merton: ignores a lot of crime committed in groups/ esp young (not individual & focuses on utilitarian aid which ignores the crime wo economic motive.
- focuses on crime w working class boys that face ANOMIE in mc school system: culturally deprived and at bottom of official status hierarchy = suffer from STATUS FUSTRATION
- problem = adjusting to lower status given by mainstream society. resolve frustration by REJECTING mainstream mc values and form own DELINQUENT SUBCULTURE w others
- subcultures values = spite, malice, hostility to outsiders + INVERTS values of mainstream s.
- gain status through delinquent behaviour + provide alternative status hierarchy/ illegitimate opportunity structure.
- provides expl for non utilitarian crime but assume wc share mc goals to start (never saw as failures)
- gain status through delinquent behaviour + provide alternative status hierarchy/ illegitimate opportunity structure.
- Cloward & Ohlin; three subcultures
- wc denied opportunity to achieve money success/ not all adapt to situation by turning to 'INNOVATION' (eg. util crimes) - respond in different ways eg violence
- different responses from unequal access to illegitimate opportunity structures. not all failures have equal chance of becoming criminals .ideas from uni of chicago sociology dep- different neighbourhoods produce diff opp for young to learn criminal skill/ start criminal career
- SHAW + MCKAY: cultural transmisson- criminal cultures transmitted through generation, some high crime or crime free
- SUTHERLAND; differential association- deviant behaviour learnt through social interaction w other deviants- learning criminal values
- PARK + BURGESS; social disorganisation- changes like migration cause instability and disruption in family and comm structures, unable to exercise social control
- different responses from unequal access to illegitimate opportunity structures. not all failures have equal chance of becoming criminals .ideas from uni of chicago sociology dep- different neighbourhoods produce diff opp for young to learn criminal skill/ start criminal career
- CONFLICT SUBCULTURES; in areas w high pop turnover, high levels of social disintegration,prevents develop of prof criminal network- only illegit opp available + loosely organised. violence release for mens frustration and alt source of status through turf wars.
- RETREATIST SUBCULTURES: any neighbourhood, not all who aspire prof succeed. become double failures who fail legit and illegit- turn to retreatism, drug use and alcholism
- wc denied opportunity to achieve money success/ not all adapt to situation by turning to 'INNOVATION' (eg. util crimes) - respond in different ways eg violence
- A.K.Cohen; status fustration
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