3. Subcultural Theory of Crime
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?- Created by: StudentLauren
- Created on: 21-02-16 17:39
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- Subcultural Crime Theory
- Cohen: Status Frustration
- w/classgroup based delinquency
- w/classnot adequatley socialised into necessary norms for academic success
- alternative status hierarchy: different way of gaining status and power rejects mainstream values and inverts them
- studies college boys and corner boys
- Strengths: underlying cause of some crimes. explains crime ignored by other theories
- Weaknesses: doesn'texplain m/classand female crime. little evidence for status frustration
- Cloward & Ohlin: Legitimate opportunity structure
- illegitimate opportunity structure runs alongside legitimate one. not accessible to everyone
- 3 tupes of subculture: criminal; conflict;retreats.
- Strengths: explains group based crime e.g. crocky crew. highlights inequality in terms of the types of crime people commit
- Weaknesses: not always possible to categorise criminal groups.doesnt explain m/classcrime.
- Miller: Focal Concerns
- w/classfollow certain normal values which brought them into conflict with wider society
- delinquency widespread amongst w/class.
- focal concerns; trouble;toughness; smartness; excitement; fate; autonomy.
- Parker: w/classlads on a night out & found evidence of focal concerns
- Brake: Magical solution
- do not offer anything to solve class structure of society;rebellion makes them feel better about the situation
- resistance throughstyle expressed throughw/classyouths.
- E.G skin heads and teddy boys
- Neo-Marxist theory
- subconscious rebellion against capitalism.
- w/classyouths exploited by capitalism. part of the class struggle so they show active distain for them
- youths are the least tied down group in society
- Strengths: explains underlying deeper meanings behind subcultural styles
- Weaknesses: CCCS may misinterpret meaning behind style of youth subcultures. theory is impossible to prove.
- Matza: Subteranean Values
- Sociallyapproves value: we express these in public
- Subteranean values: these aren't sociallyapproved
- techniques of neutralisation: denial of responsibility; of victim; of injury; condmnation of condemners and apprealto higher loyalties.
- Cohen: Status Frustration
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