Structure of an epithelial cell

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  • Created by: Jasmin
  • Created on: 19-10-13 15:41
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  • Structure of an epithelial cell
    • Function: absorb and secrete
    • NUCLEUS: contains organisms hereditary material and controls cells activities, spherical
      • Nuclear Envelope: double membrane that surrounds the nucleus
        • Outer membrane is continuous with endoplasmic reticulum of cell, often ribosomes on surface
        • Controls entry and exit of materials in and out of nucleus
        • Contains reactions taking place within it
      • Nuclear Pores: allow passage of large molecules out of nucleus, around 3000 pores in each nucleus
      • Nucleoplasm: jelly like, granular material makes up bulk of nucleus
      • Functions
        • Control centre of cell through production of mRA hence protein synthesis
        • Retain genetic material of cell in form of DNA and chromosomes
        • Manufacture ribosomal RNA and ribosomes
    • MITOCHONDRIAN: rod shaped
      • Double Membrane: surrounds organelle, outer one controlling entry and exit of material
        • Inner membrane folded to form extensions known as cristae
          • Cristae: extensions of inner membrane and some extend across whole width of mitochondrian
            • Provide a large SA for attachment of enzymes involved in respiration
      • Matrix: semi rigid material containing protein, lipids, traces of DNA which allows M to control production of own proteins
        • Enzymes involved in respiration found in matrix
        • Sites of certain stages of respiration
        • Responsible for production of energy carrier molecule ATP from carbohydrates
          • High level of metabolic activity so need supply of ATP
            • Examples metabolically active cells include muscle and epithelial cells
              • Use a lot of energy in process of absorbing substances from the intestines by active transport

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