Structures and properties

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  • Created by: DeanJowl
  • Created on: 06-11-12 19:21
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  • Structure and Properties
    • Giant Ionic structures
      • It takes a lot of energy to break the many strong ionic bonds which hold a giant ionic lattice together. So ionic compounds have high melting points.They are all solids at room temp.
      • Ionic compounds will conduct electricity when we melt or dissolve them in water. This is because the ions can then move around freely and carry charge around the liquid.
    • Simple Molecules
      • Substances made from simple molecules have low melting and boiling points.
      • Although covalent bonds in molecules are strong, the forces between molecules are weak.
      • The weak intermolecular bonds explain why substances made of simple molecules have low melting and boiling points.
      • Simple molecules have no charge and therefore cannot conduct electricity.
    • Giant Covalent structures.
      • Have high melting and boiling points.
      • Graphite contains layers of carbon  atoms. There are no bonds between these layers so they can slide over each other.
      • Graphite can conduct electricity because of the delocalised electrons along its  layers.
      • Carbon can exist as fullerenes which form large hexagonal structures based on hexagonal rings of atoms.
      • Giant covalent substances are held together by covalent bonds throughout the lattice.
    • Giant metallic structures.
      • Metals can be bent because of the layers of atoms  (or ions) that slide over each other.
      • Delocalised electrons in metals enable electricity to  pass through the metal.
      • If a shape memory alloy is deformed it can return to its original shape.
    • Properties of polymers.
      • Monomers affect the properties of the polymers that they produce.
      • Changing reaction conditions can also change the properties of the polymer that is produced.
      • Thermosoftening polymers will soften or melt easily when heated.
      • Thermosetting polymers will not soften but will eventually will char if over heated.
      • Polymers are held together by very strong covalent bonds but the force between polymer molecules differ from thermosetting and thermosoftening.
    • Nanoscience
      • Nanoscience is the study of small particles that are between 1 and 100 nanometres in size.
      • Nanoparticles behave differently from the materials they are made from on a large scale.
      • Research needs to be made on possible issue with nanoscience.
  • Giant Ionic structures
    • It takes a lot of energy to break the many strong ionic bonds which hold a giant ionic lattice together. So ionic compounds have high melting points.They are all solids at room temp.
    • Ionic compounds will conduct electricity when we melt or dissolve them in water. This is because the ions can then move around freely and carry charge around the liquid.

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