structure of neurons
- Created by: cieran32
- Created on: 19-09-18 22:45
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- structure of a neuron
- Nodes of Ranvier- the smll gap is known as the node of ranvier.
- creates gaps in the myelin sheath
- gaps occur in every 1-3min
- in myelinated neurons, the electrical impulse jumps from one node to the next as it travels along the neuron- allows impulse to be transmitted faster
- in non myelinated neurons impulse does not jump , transmits alongside nerve fibre so is slower,
- creates gaps in the myelin sheath
- Dendrons
- short extensions which come from the cell body
- These extensions divide into smaller and smaller branches called dendrites
- Dendrites are responsible for transmitting electrical impulses towards the cell body.
- myelin sheath- axons of some neurons are covered in myelin sheath
- Acts as an insulating layer and allows the Neuron to conduct the electrical impulse at a much faster speed
- Myelinated neurons can transmit impulses at up to 100 metres per second, whereas unmyelinated neurons can only conduct impulses at approximately 1 metre per second
- Cell body - Contains the nucleus surrounded by the cytoplasm
- cytoplasm includes Endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria which are involved in the production of neurotransmitters
- Neurotransmitters are used to pass signals from one neuron to the next
- axons- singular , elongated nerve fibres that transmit impulses away from the cell body
- These fibres can be very long E.G those that transmit impulses from the tips of toes and fingers to spinal cord.
- fibre is cylindrical in shape consisting of a very narrow cytoplasm surrounded by a plasma membrane
- Nodes of Ranvier- the smll gap is known as the node of ranvier.
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