Stereotyping, Prejudice and Discrimination
- Created by: 11pyoung
- Created on: 01-04-16 16:29
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- Stereotyping, prejudice and discrimination
- Research into stereotyping
- Stereotype
- An oversimplified, generalised set of ideas that we have about others
- Rubin
- Parents were asked to describe their babies within 24 hours of them being born
- They found that parents of baby boys described their babies as being alert and strong
- The baby girls were described as soft and delicate
- Parents stereotype their children from a very early stage despite no stereotypical behaviour being shown
- This can start before the baby is born i.e painting their room blue for a boy and pink for a girl
- Practical implications
- Increased awareness that children observe and imitate those around them
- Stereotype
- Prejudice
- A rigid set of attitudes or beliefs towards particular groups of people.
- Barret + Short
- Interviewed 216 English children aged between 5-10, on their views and opinions of people from different European countries
- At this age children already demonstrated more positive views to some groups than to others
- French were liked most
- German's liked least
- By the age of 10 children already hold prejudiced views towards other nationalities
- Discrimination
- The way an individual behaves towards another person or group as a result of their prejudiced view
- Authoritarian personality
- A personality type that is prone to being prejudiced
- F-scale
- The questionnaire used by Adorno to measure personality characteristics
- Adorno
- Hundreds of people were interviewed and tested using the F-scale
- They found a relationship between personality traits and prejudiced views
- There is an authoritarian personality and people with these characteristics are highly likely to be prejudiced towards others
- Evaluation
- The theory doesn't explain why people are prejudiced towards one group but not others
- It is difficult to provide evidenceto support the idea that parenting style contributes to an authoritarian personality
- There are some prejudiced people in the world who didn't grow up with strict and critical parents
- And vice versa
- The statements were easier to agree with than to disagree with
- Research done in America
- Can't be generalised to whole world
- Adorno only found a correlation between personality type and prejudice
- Robbers Cave Experiment
- Sherif
- An American summer camp was organised for 22 boys. they were randomly split into 2 teams and kept away from each other.
- They were not aware that the other camp existed
- After a while the two groups were allowed to find one another and the camp staff introduced a series of competitions with a prize for the winning team
- Very quickly, the teams began unpleasant name-calling towards each other and tried to attack each other
- Competition is a cause of prejudice
- Evaluation
- The groups and competitions were artificial so don't necessarily reflect real life
- He used 12 year old, white, middle-class boys
- Can't be generalised
- The boys were all American
- Can't be generalised
- The boys were all American
- It has real- life implications
- Clearly demonstrated how quickly prejudice can arise between groups if they are competing for the same thing
- It showed how quickly people can form alliances with others when they feel that they have something in common
- An American summer camp was organised for 22 boys. they were randomly split into 2 teams and kept away from each other.
- Sherif
- How to reduce prejudice and discrimination
- Jigsaw method
- The name gven to the technique used by Aronson to reduce prejudice within a group of mixed-race students
- Harwood
- Karwood asked children and their grandparents about their relationships. Th echildren were also asked about their views of the elderly in general
- Children who had regular contact with grandparents held positive views towards the elderly
- Contact with grandparents is a good predictor of a child's attitude towards the elderly
- Evaluation
- Information gathered from interviews is not always reliable
- There are children who don't have regular contact with grandparents but still have positive attitudes towards the elderly
- Practical implications
- Illustrates the importance of regular contact between children and grandparents
- Jigsaw method
- Research into stereotyping
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