states of matter - gases, liquids and solids
- Created by: tia5sos
- Created on: 15-11-20 19:50
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- states of matter
- solids
- There are strong forces of attraction between particles, which hold them in fixed positions in a very regular lattice arrangement.
- The particles don't move from their positions, so all solids keep a definite shape and volume, and don't flow like liquids.
- The particles vibrate about their positions - the hotter the solid becomes, the more they vibrate (causing solids to expand slightly when heated).
- If you heat the solid (give the particles more energy), eventually the solid will melt and become liquid.
- liquids
- There is some force of attraction between the particles. They're free to move past each other, but they do tend to stick together.
- Liquids don't keep a definite shape and will flow to fill the bottom of a container. But they do keep the same volume.
- The particles are constantly moving with random motion. The hotter the liquid gets, the faster they move. This causes liquids to expand slightly when heated.
- if you cool a liquid, it will freeze and become a solid. If you heat a liquid enough, it evaporates (or boils) and becomes a gas.
- gases
- There's next to no force of attraction between the particles - they're free to move. They travel in straight lines and only interact when they collide.
- Gases don't keep a definite shape or volume and will always fill any container. When particles bounce off the walls of a container, they exert a pressure on the walls.
- The particles move constantly with random motion. The hotter the gas gets, the faster the particles move. Gases either expand when heated, or their pressure increases.
- If you cool a gas, it will condense and become a liquid.
- solids
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