Specific Immune Response

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  • Specific Immune Response
    • (1) Clonal Selection
      • Lymphocytes are produces in the bone marrow
        • B-cells reach maturity in the bone marrow
        • T cells developed in the thymus
      • B lymphocytes are involved in the humoral response (producing antibodies
        • Plasma cells circulate the blood and manufacture antibodies
        • B memory cells which act as an immunological memory
      • T lymphocytes are involved in cell mediated response (combating microorganisms)
        • T helper cells release cytokines which trigger proliferation of B cells
        • T killer cells attack and kill host-body cells that display the antigen (e.g. virus infected cells)
        • T memory cells provide long term immunity by remaining in the blood with the antigen receptor that is complementary to the specific antigen
        • T regulator cells stop the immune response and prevent autoimmunity where the body attacks itself
    • (2) Proliferation/ Clonal Expansion
      • Cells divide my mitosis to provide more lymphocytes to counteract the antigens
      • Correct lymphocytes must be activated
    • (3) Differentiation
      • The clones of the lymphocytes develop into a range of cells
      • B & T memory cells remain in the blood to provide long term immunity
      • T killer cells attack infected cells
      • T helper cells release interleukins to stimulate proliferation of B cells
      • Plasma cells make antibodies

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