Soviet Wartime Economy
- Created by: NaomiKandola
- Created on: 19-04-14 14:59
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- Soviet Wartime Economy
- Pre War Preparation
- Provision for a massive increase in war production had been made during the mid-1930s
- Factories had been given extra capacity to produce more weapons and munitions if required
- majority of the workforce was vulnerable to any attack that came from the west
- Initial impact of War on the economy
- Over half of its industrial capital was taken over by November 1941
- Two fifths of grain production
- no pre-determined plan to evacuate equipment
- not enough transport
- production of coal, steel and oil were down by 1942
- capacity shrunk to 68% of its pre-war rate
- Agriculture - 1940 - 1942 - from 69.9 to 27.4
- Over half of its industrial capital was taken over by November 1941
- The people and the economy
- Compulsory overtime of 3 hours
- Holidays were banished
- if workers were thought to be slacking they would be fined or sent to labour camps
- Most important people in keeping the economy afloat were sent to war
- Labour workforce was set up
- to ensure people were in the right places
- Superiority of economy
- Out produced Germany
- 1942-1944 - machine tools - USSR 5501 - Germany 695
- Rifles, carbines - USSR 9935 - Germany 6501
- Huge investments in steel, machine tools and chemicals
- relocated some industrial equipment
- built 3500 new factories - in the Urals and Siberia
- Output doubled in munitions
- Out produced Germany
- Historiography
- On the movement of the Soviet economy from west to the east - "The most massive and most effective evacuation ever undertaken in history....a whole industrial country moved thousands of kilometers east" - Rzeheshevsky
- "one of the most stupendous and successful operations ever witnessed" - Chris Ward
- "There were too many soldiers and munitions workers compared to the few left in the supporting civilian infrastructure" - Barber J. Harrision
- Pre War Preparation
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