Lukes Sources

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  • SOURCES OF LUKE'S GOSPEL
    • Structure
      • BLOCK STRUCTURE.. "L"/ "L" "Q"/ "M"/ "L" "Q"/ "M"/ "L" "Q"/ "M"/ "L"
    • Says in Prologue that he will be dependant on other sources for his gospel.
      • 4 SOURCE HYPOTHESIS!
        • "L" which include "I"
          • LUKE
            • Mark
              • Matthew
                • "Q"
                  • LUKE
                    • Mark
                      • Matthew
                        • "Q"
                          • "M"
                  • "M"
        • Luke;s Dependance on "Q" material.
          • Q is a theory refering to" a theory which refers to something which no one has ever seen."
            • 250 verses common in Luke and MAtthew but not in MArk known as Q
              • Similarity in Verses
            • "DOUBLETS" same story but from different sources. E.G Lk 8:16 and Mk 11:13
              • Luke keeps Q seperate from mark but sometimes mixes it with "L".
                • Impossible to discover what Q contained. We cannot assume matthew and luke used all of Q or that they used the same version. May have been common oral source,
            • "Q" is concentrated in 2 large blocks 6:20-8:3. And 9:51-18:14.
              • LUKE faithful to Q but matthew wasnt seemed to changed it.
        • 2/3 of gospel is mark and q and other third is L material. It is impossible to know his source.
      • LUKES DEPENDANCE ON MARK!
        • STREET POINTS OUT that 55 % of MARK is found in LUKE.
          • Always falls back onto Mark's material even after using his own
            • FITZYMER states, " his style is rougher and he preserves a greater number of Aramaic words."
              • Luke improves on Mark's offensive style
          • Wording of a few parables exactly the same e.g " Feeding of the 5000".
            • PRIORITY OF MARK ACCEPTED GENERALLY
        • LUKE USED MARK AS MAIN SOURCE
          • Luke uses Mark in 5 unique ways;
            • 1) Luke uses Mark's material in a BLOCK STRUCTURE while matthew interweaves his into his gospel.
            • 2) Luke doesn't use up to 45% of Marks gosep, may be an error by Luke, but FITZYMER states he wanted to keep Jesus moving towards Jerusalem in one journey
            • 3) OMITS any material that shows Jesus' emotions. E.G compassion for leaper or sturn rebuke of a man told to tell no one of him cure. Luke has high christology, showing jesus as more divine than Mark
            • 4)abbreviates marks stories, leaving out anything not needed for his purposes. Takes out anything offensive to gentile audience e.g SYRO Phonecian womens daughter, which could cause offense to gentiles.
              • 5) Improves Mark's literary style, taking out poor grammer. Omitting Aramaic and hebrew words and colloquialisms and changes them with correct greek for his gentile audience.

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