Sociological Theories and Socialisation

Quick rundown of types of socialisation and the Functionalist and Marxist views on the role of socialisation. Enjoy :)

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  • Created by: Jessica
  • Created on: 14-05-13 17:01
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  • Sociological Theories and Socialisation
    • Primary Socialisation
      • Earliest stage of socilaisation
        • Begins at birth and continues into early childhood
      • Mostly takes place within the family
        • Occurs between the individual and the people they have a primary (close) relationship with
      • Important  in helping to shape human beings
        • Involves learning basic social skills
    • Secondary Socialisation
      • Begins when children become more  independent
        • Usually when they enter the education system
      • Occurs between the individual and those people with whom they have secondary relationships
      • The function of S.S is to build on what has already been learned in P.S
        • Children learn how to participate and understand wider society
        • Parsons- liberate the individual from a dependence upon the primary attachment and relationships formed within the family
      • Main agents of S.S are education, the mass media, the peer group, the workplace and religion
    • Functionalist theory of the role of socialisation
      • Society is held together and avoids breakdown through the creation of value consensus
        • Members of society must hold the same core values, they learn this through socialisation
          • Individuals internalize these values which then become part of their     identity
        • Everyone is socialised in accordance with core values, this ensures that people's behaviour becomes predictable which contributes to social order.
      • The most important agent is the family
        • Parsons- a child in a family is like a empty vessel, which must be filled with shared cultural values and norms.
          • Ensures the child is committed to society's value consensus and therefore feels a strong sense of belonging to society
      • Social control is necessary and beneficial
        • Ensures people are correctly socialised into society's norms and values
        • Ensures that  dysfunctions are dealt with quickly
      • Criticisms
        • Underestimate the amount of conflict that can take place in the process of socialisation
          • Gouldner-training children can be a continual........  battle
        • Fail to recognise that people don't always conform to the rules; deviating from  social norms and values is commonplace
          • Dennis Wrong-over socialised    view of man
        • View that children are 'empty vessels' that are filled with norms and values passed down to them.
          • Children play an active role in development
    • Marxist theory of the role of socialisation
      • Socialisation is the process by which society is programmed into believing the values of the bourgeoisie
        • Zartesky- family is used by the bourgeoisie to instil values such as respect for authority. Which are exploited more easily in life.
      • Only the bourgeoisie benefit from socialisation
        • Socialisation is part of ruling-class ideology, which maintains and promotes the exploitation of the proletariat.
      • Social control is exploited by the bourgeoisie
        • Used to force or persuade the proletariat to behave as they want them to
        • Capitalism creates crime by creating vast social inequalities and promoting greed
          • Then when the proletariat commit crimes such as theft, they are punished by the police and judiciary
            • The blame is placed on the individual, never on the capitalist   system
      • Criticisms
        • Over-socialised view
        • Don't account for conflict in the socialisation process

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wngono

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This is an excellent mind map which perfectly summarises different perspectives view on the socialisation process and its function to society. Brilliant.

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