Strands of Socialism

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  • Created by: arfa
  • Created on: 30-05-18 19:42
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  • STRANDSOF SOCIALISM
    • MARXISM
      • KEY VALUES
        • Historical materialism: the economic system "conditions" all other aspects of society.
        • Dialectical change: historical change is driven by dialectic- a process of development that occurs through conflict between opposing forces.
        • Class conscious-ness: the self understanding of social class
          • Class conflict is intensified between bourgeoisie and proletariat because:
            • Working class interests are identical which creates growing solidarity
            • deepening capitalist crisises makes the working class increasing miserable
            • Workers form an increasing majority of population
      • The working class is the only revolutionary class as they suffer intense exploitation. Capitalism will be overthrown through the dictatorship of the proletariat
      • Human nature is determined is socially determined
      • Capitalism contains the seeds of its own destruction
      • "Capitalism contains the seeds of its destruction"
    • REVISIONIST SOCIALISM
      • Social Democracy (Crossland)
        • Keynesianism has reformed capitalism and made it more humane by guaranteeing full employment
        • "The future of socialism" 1956 book
        • Public Ownership has gone far enough, equality can be achieved in capitalism
      • The Third Way (Giddens)
        • Collapse of Soviet Union has caused the case for fundamentalist socialism to disappear
        • Urged modern leftists to "go with the flow" and allow privatisation.
        • Associated with Anthony Giddens
      • Classical Revisionism (Bernstein)
        • Working classes are becoming more equal under capitalism so you can't apply marx's theory to modern society
        • Struggle for socialism can coexist with private property
    • FABIANISM
      • The Fabian society was set up in Britain in 1884 by socialist such as H.G. Wells, they were influenced by Marx ideas but didn’t agree with the revolutionary nature of it.
      • Gradualism
        • The "inevitability of gradualness" (Webb)
        • STAGES TO ACHIEVE A SOCIALIST STATE: set up a socialist party, work with trade unions to improve working conditions, gain support from working class, pursue welfare and social justice policies.
      • Webb: revolutionary change is "chaotic, ineffective and counter-productive.
    • UTOPIAN SOCIALISM
      • Based on a highly optimistic and romanticised view of human nature. They reacted violently to industrialisation
      • Charles Fourrier proposed the idea that society should be organised into communes with no system of money and there should be communal possession of children. E.g. Kibbutz in Israel
      • Robert Owen began his own commune called the New Harmony where workers all received good wages and housing and access to education and healthcare.
      • Rejected by Marx as his ideology was based on science not utopia that was unrealistic
      • KEY VALUES
        • Creation of an alternative social order outside of capitalism and expect the rest of the world to follow their way of life
        • Relies on an altruistic and optimistic view of human nature
        • Seeks avoidance of any private property, profiteering etc but DOES NOT believe in destruction of capitalism through revolution.
      • Communism is a social system based on small independent communities, shared by marxists, utopian socialists and marxists.

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