Social Beliefs + Attitudes 2
- Created by: Sess
- Created on: 17-05-15 06:23
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- Social Beliefs + Attitudes 2
- C) Explaining the Social World
- Attribution Theory
- Heidar (1958)
- Madeleine Mcann
- If behaviour was freely chosen, unusual, socially desirable or serves interests of said person = internal cause more likely
- Jones & Davis (1965)
- Refers to the analysis of how we explain people's behaviour + what we infer from it
- We infer people's behaviour to be a result of either internal or external reasons. Missattribution can occur
- Situational Attributions
- Dispositional Attributions
- Kelley (1973)
- Consistency
- Does Edwards always have trouble with his computer
- Distinctiveness
- Is it just this computer or all computers
- Consensus
- Do others have a similar problem?
- 3 factors lead us to deciding internal or external causes
- Consistency
- The Fundamental Attribution Effor
- Aka Correspondence/Actor-observer Bias
- Fidel Castro Study
- Jones & Harris(1967)
- Regardless of whether or not they were assigned, Pro Castro were assigned pro castro attributes
- Ppts were told students giving a speech supporting or hating on Castro either chose or were assigned role
- We overestimate people's personality traits and underestimate the impact of the situation on them when attributing a cause for their behavious
- Ross (1977)
- Why does it occur?
- If ppts were shown a tape of a prisoner confessing, we may see it as genuine
- If the camera is focused on the detective, we may see it as coerced
- Lassiter et al (2002)
- We focus/perceived different elements when judging ourselves vs others
- Cultural Differences
- Individualistic cultures tend to attribute cause to the individual
- Collectivist cultures attribute cause to the situation
- Sports Articles in newspapers in China & America were compared
- In China, emphasis was on situational factors leading to loses or victories, whilst in America it was the opposit
- Lee et al (1996)
- Attribution Theory
- D) Judgements + Expectations
- Self fulfilling prophecies occur
- Judgements affect the way we act towards others
- This creates the behaviou in others that we expected to see
- Bloomers
- Rosenthal & Jacobson (1966)
- Children were tested using an intelligence test
- Teachers were told that some were bloomers when infact they were all the same
- IQ tests revealed that the Bloomers had improved most due to teacher expectation
- Self fulfilling prophecies occur
- C) Explaining the Social World
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