Smoking Addiction
- Created by: Augusta
- Created on: 26-12-12 19:07
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- Smoking Addiction (AO2)
- Shiffmann (2009)
- About two-thirds of smokers were occasional smokers and only smoked in certain situations.
- Shields (1962)
- 42 MZ twin pairs reared apart.
- 33 twin pairs were concordant (they either both smoked or both didn't).
- Massive genetic link.
- 9 twin pairs were discordant (one smoked and the other didn't).
- 42 MZ twin pairs reared apart.
- 33 twin pairs were concordant (they either both smoked or both didn't).
- Massive genetic link.
- 9 twin pairs were discordant (one smoked and the other didn't).
- 9 twin pairs were discordant (one smoked and the other didn't).
- Massive genetic link.
- 33 twin pairs were concordant (they either both smoked or both didn't).
- 42 MZ twin pairs reared apart.
- 9 twin pairs were discordant (one smoked and the other didn't).
- Massive genetic link.
- 33 twin pairs were concordant (they either both smoked or both didn't).
- 42 MZ twin pairs reared apart.
- Buka et al (2003)
- Women who smoked during pregnancy doubled the risk of their child becoming addicted to tobacco if they DID try it.
- An expectant mother smoking during pregnancy did not increase likelihood that her child will later try smoking or become a regular smoker.
- Women who smoked during pregnancy doubled the risk of their child becoming addicted to tobacco if they DID try it.
- Data from over 1,248 women aged 17-39.
- Mayeux (2008)
- Boys who smoked aged 16 were more likely to be popular two years later.
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (2005)
- 90% of American smokers started as adolescents.
- Mainly due to observation and imitation of peers.
- 90% of American smokers started as adolescents.
- This provides support for SLT and the role of observation of similar models as a valid explanation of smoking addiction.
- Brynner (1969)
- Media images of smoking created perceptions of smoking as being attractive and tough.
- Social Learning Theory
- Media images of smoking created perceptions of smoking as being attractive and tough.
- Lader and Matheson (1992)
- Children of parents who smoked twice as likely to smoke compared to children whose parents did not smoke.
- Murray et al (1984)
- If parents hold a strong negative attitude towards smoking, then their children are seven times less likely to begin smoking compared to children of parents with less negative attitudes towards smoking.
- Mosbach and Lenenthal (1988)
- Strong support for the idea that poor school performance, low self-esteem and low involvement in sport linked to smoking.
- Fidler (2009)
- Examined smoking trends in UK and found that smoking was associated with social and economic disadvantage - poorest smoker having highest nicotine intake.
- Khaled et al (2009)
- Long term smoking has an adverse effect on mood because it alters brain neurochemistry.
- Current smokers had the highest incidence of depression, where as people had never smoked had lowest incidence of depression.
- Shiffmann (2009)
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