Smoking
- Created by: Amy.L.J
- Created on: 24-09-18 13:47
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- Smoking
- tobacco smoke
- 4000 different chemicals, 'sidestream' smoke contains more chemicals than 'mainstream' smoke. breathing in someones smoke is passive smoking.
- tar
- contains carciogenes that react with the DNA of epithelium cells and cause mutations
- as lung cancer developes it spreads through the bronchiole and enters lymphatic systems
- lung cancer takes 20-30 years to develop
- Nicotine
- is the drug in tobacco, releases adrenaline, heart rate and blood pressure increase,
- increases risk of blood clotting, stimulatess release of dopamine
- carbon monoxide
- forms carboxyhaemoglobin
- strains the heart, damages arteries, build up of fatty tissue-reduces blood flow, CHD and stroke may follow.
- lung diseases
- chronic bronchitis
- tar stimulates goblet cells to over secrete mucus, it also inhibits cilias wafting action
- mucus builds up in the bronchioles and become obstructed, bacteria and viruses collect here
- 'smokers cough' tries to clear airways, damaged cells become scar tissue and smooth muscle becomes thicker
- thickening makes it harder to breath, pneumonia develops in mucus, lining becomes inflamed
- the obstruction leads to bronchitis and phlegm
- Emphysema
- the constant inflammation causes phagocytes to leave the blood and enter the airways
- the phagocytes line the airways and release elastase which breaks down elastin
- less elastin means alveoli cant stretch and recoil, bronchioles collapse, reduces surface area
- chronic bronchitis
- tobacco smoke
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