Smog in Indonesia 1997-1998
- Created by: vezting
- Created on: 03-04-16 17:49
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- smog in indonesia 1997-98
- causes
- covered an erea larger than western Europe
- 70 million people affected
- burning (often illegally) forests and plantations to clear the land cheaply and easily often organises by TNCs
- El nino effect led to drought which dried up the forests
- high pressure so inversion layer trapped smog
- late arrival of monsoon so no rain to put out fires and clear air
- weak and corrupt local government made it difficult to enforce anti-burning laws
- lack of alternative fuels for the poor
- impacts
- short term
- 60,000 treated for smog-related illnesses and eye problems
- airliner crashed killing 234 people led to flights being diverted and cancelled
- ships re-routed to avoid straits of malacca
- schools closed
- loss of tourism
- long term
- over 275 people died from starvation
- deaths from cholera due to lack of clean water
- crop yields fell and many areas had to import food
- added to global warming and reduced carbon dioxide-absorbing vegetation
- loss of biodiversity- species wiped out and food chains distrupted
- peat may burn for 20 years so seeds cant germinate
- short term
- responses
- fires put out using cloud seeding, water bombs from USA and fire fighters from Australia
- stop fires being lit the companies that started fires found guilty and operating liscenses revoked
- developed industries other than timber and tree crops (palm oil particuarly)
- international cooperation, in 2000 ASEAN adopted zero burning policy to solve the problem
- causes
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