Situationism
- Created by: grxcechild
- Created on: 04-04-19 15:45
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- Situationism
- Rotter's SLT
- interaction of the indv w/the env
- personality is not independent of the env, behaviour is not an automatic response to objective stimuli
- People are positive and goal-oriented, seeking to maximize reinforcement, not simply avoiding punishment
- need to focus on both the individual and their environment
- The 'Locus of Control'
- Externals:
Believe that the locus of control is external to them; reinforcement
depends on powerful others, luck, god, zodiac sign, but not their behaviour
- less successful, feel powerless
- Internals:
Believe their behaviour makes a difference to the outcome (i.e., they have
internal locus of control)
- generally more successful
- Rotter demonstrated that LoC is a stable personality
characteristic, devised the IE scale
- a continuum, most cluster in the middle
- Externals:
Believe that the locus of control is external to them; reinforcement
depends on powerful others, luck, god, zodiac sign, but not their behaviour
- Mischel
- questions the stability of personality traits across situations
- argues traits are not good predictors of behaviour
- points out the personality coefficient is low (0.2-0.3) - between traits and behaviour
- behavioural consistencies
- behavioural consistency (type 1) traits that generally describe the indiivudal
- behavioural signature of personality (type 2) distinctive patterns of behaviour across similar situations
- Summer camp study (Shoda, Mischel & Wright, 1994)
- 84 children observed for 150 hours
- analyzed aggressive behaviours, concluded that every child was characterized by a distinctive behavioural personality signature
- focused on 5 situations (‘peer teased’, ‘adult warned’, ‘adult punished’, ‘adult praised’, ‘peer approached prosocially’)
- questions the stability of personality traits across situations
- Intetractionism - a solution?
- traits and situations interact to influence behaviour
- Rotter's SLT
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