Science B1 1.0 - 2.0
- Created by: Ashleigh
- Created on: 12-05-13 19:01
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- Science B1 - Biology 1.0 - 2.0
- Diet
- Healthy Diet = Right balance of foods. If diet is unbalanced a person may become Malnourished
- Inherited health
- Metabolic rate can be affected by your genes.
- Cholesterol . You need it for your cell membranes & to make vital substances. but some people have high levels of ''bad'' cholesterol levels. You can avoid this by excersising
- Inherited health
- Metabolic rate is how fast the chemical reactions work in your body. If you excersise, your cells will work faster than someone who doesn't.
- Mass will stay the same if the amount of energy you use and the amount of energy you take is the same.
- Healthy Diet = Right balance of foods. If diet is unbalanced a person may become Malnourished
- Diseases
- Pathogens cause infectious diseases. They are tiny microorganisms. either bacteria or viruses
- Viruses are much smaller than bacteria. They reproduce inside cells.
- when pathogens enter the body. they reproduce rapidly, They make you feel ill by producing toxins.
- Before V&B were discovered. a doctor called semmelweiss discovered that infections can be transferred from person to person. He then told his staff to wash their hands beforehand
- Pathogens cause infectious diseases. They are tiny microorganisms. either bacteria or viruses
- Defence mechanisms
- The skin prevents pathogens getting into the body.
- They are also trapped by mucus and killed my stomach acid
- White blood cells are part of the immune system. They do three things to defend the body.
- 1. They can ingest pathogens. this means they can digest and destroy them
- 2. They produce antibodies to help destroy pathogens
- 3.They produce anti toxins to counteract the toxins that pathogens produce
- Using drugs to treat disease
- Antibiotics kill infective bacteria.
- Penicillin is also an antibiotic. discovered by alexander fleming in 1928
- Viruses are hard to kill because they reproduce inside the cells. Treatment can kill the healthy cells.
- Painkillers only relieve the symptoms but do not kill the pathogen
- Changing pathogens
- some pathogens (mainly viruses) can mutate.resolving in a mutation. Very few people are immune to this and pathogens can spread really quickly.
- Diseases that spread within a county is called an Epidemic
- Diseases that spread across many countries is called a pandemic
- immunity
- Dead or inactive forms of a pathogen are used to make a vaccine.
- The white bloody cells react by producing antibodies. This makes the person immune. as the body will now produce antibodies quicker as the antibodies recognised the antigen a lot faster
- Dead or inactive forms of a pathogen are used to make a vaccine.
- Advantages & disadvantages of vaccination
- Over use of antibiotics can lead to the developmentof new strains of bacteria
- Doctors don't prescribe antibiotics to mild infections such as sore throats
- Scienctists are always trying to find a new way of treating disease
- Diet
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