Crime and Deviance - Gender - Sex role theory
- Created by: Amy
- Created on: 27-03-15 12:16
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- Sex Role Theory
- Sutherland
- Girls are more closely supervised and more strictly controlled.
- Therefore girls naturally commit less crime because of the way they're socialised.
- Boys are more likely to be encouraged to take risks and to be tough and aggressive
- As a result boys have more opportunity and more inclination to commit crime
- Girls are more closely supervised and more strictly controlled.
- Parsons
- There are clearly defined gender roles in the modern nuclear family
- Father performs the instrumental role of leader and provider
- Mother performs the expressive role of giving emotional support and socialising children.
- These gender roles are usually rooted in biology as women give birth to and nurse children.
- Girls usually have a readily available female role model at home (their mother)
- Boys have less access to a male role model as they are largely socialised by their mother.
- This means they tend to reject any behaviour seen as feminine and pursue masculinity where there is emphasis on toughness and aggression
- This can encourage anti-social behaviour and delinquency
- Which explains why males commit more crime than females.
- This can encourage anti-social behaviour and delinquency
- This means they tend to reject any behaviour seen as feminine and pursue masculinity where there is emphasis on toughness and aggression
- Boys have less access to a male role model as they are largely socialised by their mother.
- There are clearly defined gender roles in the modern nuclear family
- Cohen
- Without a readily available role model boys can experience anxiety about their identity
- A solution to this is the all male peer group or street gang
- The toughness and risk taking behaviour can help to confirm a masculine identity but encourage deviant behaviour at the same time
- A solution to this is the all male peer group or street gang
- Similarly New Right theorists argue the absence of male role models in matrifocal lone parent families least boys turning to street gangs as a source of status and identity
- The boys learn from the males in the gang how to be masculine which in turn can lead to crime.
- Without a readily available role model boys can experience anxiety about their identity
- Evaluation
- Feminists argue it ignores the power that men have over women
- It ignores the largely patriarchal nature of society
- Feminists locate their explanations in the patriarchal nature of society and women's subordinate positions in it
- Feminists argue it ignores the power that men have over women
- Sutherland
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