memory
- Created by: CharlotteR
- Created on: 24-04-14 19:42
View mindmap
- Separate stores
- Milner's case study of HM
- Supporting the idea that ST and LT memory are separate store
- Evidence that the mechanism allowing STM to transfer info to the LTM was not functioning
- He had anterograde amnesia (he was no longer able to produce new LT memories
- His STM was unaffected
- HM suffered from years of epilepsy following a childhood accident
- After having brain surgery to help control it his memory was impaired
- Glanzer and Cunitz 1966
- Aim; To investigate the existence of two separate stores
- Method: Participants were presented with a list of words, one at a time, then had to recall in any oder
- frequency of recall for each word was recorded
- Finding: Ppts best remembered words from the start of the list (primary effect) and the end of the list (recency effect)
- Conclusions; This was called the serial position effect which occurs because the first words in the list are best rehearsed and transferred to LTM
- The last words are in STM when you start recalling the list
- Evaluation: Suggested that rather than being held in a separate STM, recent items are more readily recalled because they are more distinctive
- Multi-store Memory
- Memory
- Working Memory Model
- Shallice and Warrington's (1970) case study of KF
- Following a motorbike accident KF was left with a severely impaired STM.
- Shallice and Warrington reported that KF's deficit in STM was for verbal info, however his STM for visual and acoustic infor was normal
- This suggests the existence of more than one type of STM and this it's not just a unitary store: supporting the WMM
- Following a motorbike accident KF was left with a severely impaired STM.
- Hitch and Baddeley (1976)
- Aim: To investigate the nature of WM using dual tasks
- Findings: Task 1 was impaired when Task 2 involved both the PL and the CE whereas performance on Task 1 was the same when using just the PL or no extra task at all
- conclusion: Doing two tasks that involve the same component of WM causes difficulty whereas when different components are used, performance is unaffected
- Baddeley et al (1973)
- Method: Ppts asked to track a moving spot of light with a pointer (visual task) at the same time as either performing a task that required them to visualise and mentally follow the borders of a capital letter F or carrying out a verbal task
- Findings: tracking of the spot light was poor in the 'F' condition but barely affected by the verbal task
- Conclusion: Supports the idea that the visuo-spatial sketchpad is a separate slave system because when already occupied with the tracking task, equal attention could not be given to that and the 'F' task
- Whereas the verbal task uses the phonological loop so there was no conflict
- Shallice and Warrington's (1970) case study of KF
- Working Memory Model
- Memory
- Milner's case study of HM
- Milner's case study of HM
- Supporting the idea that ST and LT memory are separate store
- Evidence that the mechanism allowing STM to transfer info to the LTM was not functioning
- He had anterograde amnesia (he was no longer able to produce new LT memories
- His STM was unaffected
- HM suffered from years of epilepsy following a childhood accident
- After having brain surgery to help control it his memory was impaired
- People he met and everyday events after surgery were experienced as new to him over and over again
- Method: Ppfts were given two tasks to do at the same time
- Hitch and Baddeley (1976)
- Aim: To investigate the nature of WM using dual tasks
- Findings: Task 1 was impaired when Task 2 involved both the PL and the CE whereas performance on Task 1 was the same when using just the PL or no extra task at all
- conclusion: Doing two tasks that involve the same component of WM causes difficulty whereas when different components are used, performance is unaffected
- Task 1: verbal reasoning task- relies on the central executive
- Task 2: involved the phonological loop (PL) or the PL and the central executive.
- Hitch and Baddeley (1976)
- Aim: To investigate the nature of the visuo-spatial sketchpad using dual tasks
- Baddeley et al (1973)
- Method: Ppts asked to track a moving spot of light with a pointer (visual task) at the same time as either performing a task that required them to visualise and mentally follow the borders of a capital letter F or carrying out a verbal task
- Findings: tracking of the spot light was poor in the 'F' condition but barely affected by the verbal task
- Conclusion: Supports the idea that the visuo-spatial sketchpad is a separate slave system because when already occupied with the tracking task, equal attention could not be given to that and the 'F' task
- Whereas the verbal task uses the phonological loop so there was no conflict
- Baddeley et al (1973)
Comments
No comments have yet been made